等积体在全球大洋中的空间分布及其古环境意义——国际大洋钻探计划对全球等深流沉积研究的贡献  

Spatial Distribution of Contourites in Global Ocean and Its Paleoclimatic Significance——The Contribution of International Ocean Drilling to the Studies of Contourites

作　　者：赵玉龙[1] 刘志飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2017年第12期1287-1296,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"南海东北部末次冰期以来古海流强度的重建--沉积学和地球化学方法"(编号:41776047);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成项目"南海深海沉积过程与机制"(编号:91528304)资助~~

摘　　要：等积体是海洋沉积最重要的类型之一,通常记录了长期的高分辨率古环境和古海洋演化信息,同时对海洋工程和油气开发等领域具有重要意义。通过对全球大洋进行钻探取芯和地球物理勘探,国际大洋钻探计划,尤其是最新阶段的"综合大洋钻探计划(IODP)"和"国际大洋发现计划(IODP)",在理解等积体的全球分布特征及其揭示的古环境和古海洋演化信息方面做出了巨大的贡献。研究显示,等积体在全球大洋中的空间分布主要受大洋深层环流的影响,但在特定海区的沉积和分布则受到构造活动、深层海流强度和沉积物供应等多种因素的影响。全球深层海流强度的变迁则受到气候变化,如新生代全球变冷、北半球冰盖扩张、季风强度演变以及构造活动和水团来源等因素的影响,不同海区的主要影响因素也有所不同。Contourite is one of the most important type of sediments in the global ocean, which has recorded significant information on paleoclimatic changes. It is also of great importance for ocean engineering and marine hydrocarbon exploration. The development of scientific ocean drilling, especially the ＂Integrated Ocean Drilling Program＂ and the undergoing ＂International Ocean Discovery Program＂, has made great contribution in mapping the spatial distribution of contourites and revealing contourite-related paleoclimatic information, through coring and geophysical exploration in the global ocean. It is found that the global distribution of contourites is controlled predominantly by the global deep-water circulation while its distribution in a specific region can be affected by the intensity of deep currents, tectonic activities, sediment supply, and so on. The geological changes in the global deep-water circulation is, however, further affected by tectonic activities, origins of water masses, as well as climate changes, e.g. the Cenozoic global cooling, changes in the size of the northern hemisphere ice caps, and intensity of monsoon. The main controlling factors of deep water circulation vary with different regions.

关 键 词：等深流 等积体 国际大洋钻探计划(DSDP/ODP/IODP) 深层西部边界流(DWBC) 地中海溢出流(MOW) 

分 类 号：P736.2[天文地球—海洋地质]