2013-2015年某三级综合医院感染现患率调查分析  

Investigation and anaylysis of prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in a tertiary comprehensive hospital from 2013 to 2015

作　　者：任冬梅[1] 李德保[1] 田春梅[1] 龙子媛[1] 郑英[1] 郭兰君[1] 贺朝云[1] 

机构地区：[1]焦作市人民医院感染管理科,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2018年第2期112-114,共3页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解医院住院患者3年来医院感染发生现状及影响因素,为制定感染控制措施提供依据。方法采用横断面调查,以感染专职人员为主,各临床科室医院感染监控小组成员辅助及抽调临床实习医生和护士协助,调查前对所有参与者进行统一培训,采取查阅病历和床旁询问相结合,填写统一调查表,调查结果应用Spss19.0软件进行处理。结果 2013-2015年实查率分别为97.91%、99.54%、100.00%,均≥96%,医院感染现患率分别为4.44%、3.76%、2.80%,均<10%,符合国家卫计委的要求,3年相比有逐年下降趋势,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.227,P>0.05);发生医院感染的高发部位分别为下呼吸道、上呼吸道、泌尿道,深部切口及血管相关;主要感染科室以ICU、神经外科、普外科为最高,其次为血液科、肿瘤外科、风湿免疫科;调查当日抗菌药物使用率分别为42.72%、39.91%、37.00%,均低于卫计委60%的指标要求,且呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.248,P<0.05);治疗使用抗菌药物病原学的送检率分别为25.77%、27.78%、25.00%,均低于卫计委30%的最低指标要求。结论需加强医院感染高发科室、高发部位监测力度,持续不断进行目标性监测,加强患者基础病的治疗与合理使用抗菌药物知识培训,提高临床医师病原学送检率及诊断水平。OBJECTIVE To Understand the hospital＇ s nosocomial infection status and influence factors in 3 years, so as to provide guidance for control of the nosoeomial infection. METHODS By means of cross-sectional survey, give priority to with infection of full-time staff, various clinical departments of hospital infection monitoring team members the clinical practice of doctors and nurses and deploy to assist, before the survey to unified training, collect the data using the bedside investigation combined with review of medical records, fill in the questionnaire, all of the data were statistically analyzed with the use of Spssl9.0 software. RESULT 2013-2015 actually investigated rates were 97.91 %, 99.54 % and 97.91% ,respectively, more than 96 %, prevalence rates of nosocomial infections were 4.44 %, 3.76 % ,and 2.80 %, respectively, less than 10%, conform to the requirements of the state development planning commission＇s, 3 years compared with declining trend year by year, but there was no statistically significant difference （X^=1.227,P〉0.05）; the major infectionsites were lower respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract, urinary tract, deep incision and blood vessel related; The main infection departments were the critical care medicine department , neurosurgery and general surgery department, foilowed by hematology department, tumor surgery, rheumatism Immunity. The antibacterial drug utilization rate of the investigation day were 42.72 %, 39.91% and 42.72 % respectively, less than 60 % of the index of the health development planning commission, and declining year by year, the difference was statistically significant （X^2=6.248,P〈0.05）;Inspecfion rate of treatment using antibacterial drug etiology were 25.77 %, 27.78 % and 25.00 % respectiveIy, less than 30 % of the lowest index of the health development planning commission .CONCLUSION We need to strengthen monitoring the high-risk infection departments of the hospital, high-risk area, continuing to target monitoring ,strengthen basic disease treatme

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 感染部位 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]