2011-2015年江苏省饮水型氟中毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of drinking-water fluorosis in Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2015

作　　者：夏玉婷[1] 尚莉[1] 张婧婧[1] 叶云杰[1] 何颖霞[1] 刘茂[1] 王培桦[1] 汪旸[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心环境疾病(地方病)防制所,南京210009

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2018年第2期123-127,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省饮水型氟中毒病情现状，动态监测病情变化趋势，综合评价改水工程的运行效果。方法2011—2015年，在江苏省选择徐州、连云港、宿迁、淮安、盐城5个市的26个氟中毒病区县作为监测点，调查改水工程运行情况（改水且正常运转、改水但不正常运转或水氟超标、未改水）并检测水氟值。按Dean法进行8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检查，按照《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》（ws192—2008）进行成人X线氟骨症检查，并检测尿氟值。结果2011—2015年改水工程正常运转率分别为100．00％（30／30）、85．29％（29／34）、82．50％（33／40）、95．92％（47／49）、97．83％（45／46），正常运转工程水氟超标率分别为13_33％（4／30）、17．24％（5／29）、9．09％（3／33）、14．89％（7／47）、11．11％（5／45）。2011—2015年，8—12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为33．68％（194／576）、28．30％（711／2512）、36．25％（1577／4350）、22．06％（837／3794）、20．44％（903／4417），不同年间比较差异有统计学意义（x2=190．952，P〈0．05）。3种不同改水情况氟斑牙检出率分别为21．88％（2857／13057）、57．23％（1156／2020）、36．54％（209／572），不同年间比较差异有统计学意义（x2=129．336、130．402、21．419，P均〈0．05）。3种不同改水情况之间氟斑牙检出率比较差异有统计学意义（x2=206．295，P〈0．05），其中改水不正常运转或改水水氟超标监测村分别与改水正常运转且水氟合格及未改水监测村的检出率比较差异有统计学意义（x2=200．861、36．336，P〈0．0125），而改水且正常运转与未改水监测村检出率比较差异无统计学意义（x2=2．131，P〉0．0125）。2011—2015年成人X线氟骨症检出率分别为17．83％（51／286）、16．61％（49／295）、15136％（51／332）、10．95％（53／484）、5．16％（16／310�Objective To understand the drinking water type fluorosis in Jiangsu Province, dynamically monitor the disease trends, and to evaluate the operation effect of the water project comprehensively. Methods Twenty-six fluorosis districts and counties in Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Suqian, Huaian and Yaneheng were selected as the monitoring sites. The change of water improvement engineering and the value of water fluoride were surveyed and tested. There were three different situations of changed water： the water improvement engineering operated normally was the first, the water improvement engineering operated abnormally or water fluorine excesses the standard was the second, and without water improvement was the last. The teeth of children aged 8 to 12 years were checked according to the method of Dean. The skeletal fluorosis of adults was checked according to ＂Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis＂ （WS 192-2008） by X-ray inspection. Results The normal operation rates of changed water project from 2011 to 2015 were 100.00% （30/30）, 85.29% （29/34）, 82.50% （33/40）, 95.92% （47/ 49）, and 97.83% （45/46）, and the excessive rates of water fluorosis for normal operating engineering were 13.33% （4/30）, 17.24% （5/29）, 9.09% （3/33）, 14.89% （7/47）, and 11.11% （5/45）. The dental fluorosis detection rates of children aged 8 to 12 years were 33.68% （194/576）, 28.30% （711/2 512）, 36.25% （1 577/4 350）, 22.06% （837/3 794）, and 20.44% （903/4 417） from 2011 to 2015, the differences were statistically significant （X2 = 190.952, P 〈 0.05）. The dental fluorosis detection rates in the three situations of water changed annually was statistically significant （X2 = 129.336, 130.402, 21.419, P 〈 0.05）. The detection rates between three different water conditions were 21.88% （2 857/13 057）, 57.23% （1 156/2 020）, 36.54% （209/572）, and the differences were statistically significant （X2 = 206.295, P 〈 0.05）. Differences between the villages with

关 键 词：饮用水 氟中毒 牙 改水工程 趋势分析 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]