中国政策过程中的“双顶层”机制  

The “Dual Top-Level” Mechanism in China's Policy Process

作　　者：杨龙[1] 蒋欣然[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第1期102-116,共15页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

摘　　要：中国的"双顶层"机制包括中央做出一系列"顶层设计",为中国下一步改革指明了方向,进行了总体部署,包括中央全面深化改革领导小组、中共中央和国务院及其部委密集出台政策,全国人大常委会密集立法修法。"顶层设计"之所以能够迅速发挥作用,在于充分利用了中国政策执行过程中"顶层推动"的机制,包括国务院大督查、巡视。顶层设计果断及时,而且有制度创新。顶层推动从政治和行政两个方面形成"势能",推进政策执行效果明显。但是顶层设计和顶层推动有其适用条件,不宜长期高强度使用。China＇s＂dual top-level＂mechanism includes a series of＂top-level designs＂made by the Central Government. These designs point out the direction for China＇s next step of reform and make a series of overall arrangements, including the establishment of a central leading team for comprehensively deepening reform, the intensive introduction of policies by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and its ministries, and the intensive legislation and amending of laws by the NPC Standing Committee. The efficiency of＂top-level designs＂is guaranteed by making full use of the mechanism of＂top-level promotion＂during the implementation of China＇s policies, including the supervision and inspection conducted by the State Council. The top-level designs are made decisively and are made with institutional innovations. The＂top-level promotion＂has obtained great＂potential energy＂through political and administrative management, which results in obvious effects in the implementation of policies. However, there are conditions that should be met for the use of top-level designs and top-level promotion, both of which are not suitable for intensive longterm use.

关 键 词：顶层设计 顶层推动 全面深化改革领导小组 督查 巡视 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]