团体标准裂化、元治理与政府作用机制  

The Fragmentation of Group Standards,Meta-Governance and the Mechanisms of Government’s Function

作　　者：方放[1] 刘灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学法学院(政治与公共管理学院)

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2018年第1期23-32,154,共10页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71673080);国家自然科学基金(71681220637)

摘　　要：同一技术领域的多个团体标准在相互竞争中,若没有完善有效的治理机制则会造成团体标准体系的混乱与分散,即产生团体标准的裂化问题。本文基于对科层治理、市场治理和网络治理的特点和有限性的分析,深入探讨了团体标准裂化元治理中主导型政府的作用机制。研究指出,作为元治理者的政府主要是通过非直接的管控措施,消除这三种治理方式的相互冲突,实现科层治理与市场治理、科层治理与网络治理以及市场治理与网络治理之间的协同,从而形成三者之间的协同治理体系,攻克团体标准裂化难题。同时,针对我国广东省LED照明光组件标准化的案例研究显示,政府对团体标准裂化的元治理是在充分发挥各治理主体积极性的前提下,凝聚科层组织、市场和网络的力量,对团体标准制定进行规范、引导、合作与协调。本研究有助于推动我国团体标准化的可持续性发展。This paper attempts to identify the strategies and measures governments conducted in the metagovernance of the fragmentation of social organization standards when they act as the meta-governor.Based on analyzing the respective characteristics and limitations of hierarchy governance,market governance and network governance,this paper takes a thorough theoretical exploration on the functioning mechanisms of leading government in the meta-governance aiming at converging social organization standards within the same technology domain.Moreover,a single case study into the standardization of LED lighting optical components embarked in Guangdong Province of China was conducted.The research indicates that in order to conquer the fragmentation of social organization standards by taking advantage of the hybrid coordinating system incorporating the above three governance modes,governments,the meta-governor,mainly take efforts to eliminate mutual conflicts of these three patterns through indirect controlling measures and thus achieve synergies between them,i.e.,hierarchy and markets,hierarch and networks as well as markets and networks.Meanwhile,the results of the case study show that governments could ally forces from the hierarchy,markets and networks together but with the premise of fully fulfilling the initiatives of each governance body,then they commit to establish the basic norms for guide,form cooperation for as well as coordinate the development of the social organization standards.The main limitation of this study is that merely one case is used and it will be improved by multi-cases study or empirical investigations with big samples.The proposed theoretical framework could assist the sustainable growth of social organization standards in China and meanwhile provide a reference for international practice in this field.What’s more,it points out meta-governance entailing different governing institutions namely hierarch,markets and networks is the solution to the fragmented social organization standards.

关 键 词：团体标准 裂化 元治理 政府 作用机制 

分 类 号：F204[经济管理—国民经济]