关键年代的小历史——1919年的事件与日常  

Micro History in a Pivotal Period: Incidents and Experiences in 1919

作　　者：桑兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《社会科学战线》2018年第1期102-121,共20页Social Science Front

摘　　要：一般历史论著大都聚焦于大事件,并围绕大事件展开论述,其他史事很难出现在历史叙述或认识之中。1919年可以说是近代中国史上大事件出现频率相当高的年份,运用大时代亲历者的日记,旨在以形形色色的历史人物为主体,以各人耳闻目睹的经历和日记习惯的偏好为基准脉络,从横断面展开历史叙事的画面,随着人物的变换不断切换视角,大幅度拓宽观察历史的视野,进而获取全景图像。具体而言,可以提供下列新视角:一是,各色亲历者对于各类重大事件的反应,包括参与、关注、漠然、反对等态度及其表现。二是,关于同一事件因地因人而异的记述以及不同事件在各地各界的差异性反响。三是,各类事件背景下各地各界各人的日常生活以及日常与大事件的关联度因时因地因人而异的变化。四是,把握史事本相与历史叙述之间的联系及分别,尽可能让人物的言行自述历史,减少后认的说理成分。由此可以增补大历史的视角和层面,呈现中心事件之外的日常,从而丰富历史的认识。As most of historical monographs are focused on momentous events,other inconspicuous incidents could neither be represented in historical narratives nor be recognized as parts of those significant historical moments.The year 1919 is such a pivotal period when many influential events occurred.Centering on various witnesses of 1919 and taking full advantage of their dairies,this cross-sectional study listens to their experiences and follow their own ways of recording.The continual shifting of perspectives with the changing narrators can substantially broaden observational horizon and accordingly facilitate the obtaining of a panorama.In this way,more layers of history become visible and experiences behind central events can be presented,which will contribute to a more complete knowledge of history.

关 键 词：五四运动 小历史 新文化 日记 

分 类 号：K261[历史地理—历史学]