人学新科技群、历史决定论与中道自由  

The New Humans-oriented Sciences, Historical Determinism and Medium Freedom

作　　者：包利民[1] 孙仲[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学系,浙江杭州201128 [2]浙江大学历史系,浙江杭州201128

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2018年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：人类正在目睹第三次科学革命。近几十年来,以神经科学、人工智能、互联网、基因技术、克隆技术、虚拟现实、脑机接口等等为首的"人学新科技群"飞速发展,并积极跨出自己的领域之外,以新科学主义的强势态势大举进入人文社会科学中,认识人,改变人,甚至制造新人。它的一个突出强调的立场是还原论和决定论,用最新科学发现否认自由意志。这将深刻影响人文历史的自我意识。尤其是,新科技特有的"造"(改天换地,改造人本身)的倾向将有可能很快改变历史,导向现有历史形态的终结。值此之际,认真反思历史决定论与自由的意义,刻不容缓。We are witnessing the third scientific revolution. In recent decades, the so called new ＂science group focusing on humans＂ led by neuron science, AI, internet, VR, genentech, cloning, BCI and so on has developed rapidly. It step out of its own domain and push into humanity and social science, trying to know, changes and even build humans. Its main features include reductionism and determinism, attacking free will with new scientific discoveries. This is not just theoretical argument, as the new sciences tend, and is capable, to ＂make＂ new world and new man, leading to the end of history. Therefore, a serious reflection on the meaning of determinism and freedom in history is very important.

关 键 词：神经科学 人工智能 历史决定论 自由 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]