微咸水滴灌条件下水氮互作对枸杞生长及产量的影响  

Effects of Water Nitrogen Interaction on Growth and Yield of Lycium Barbarum under Brackish Water Drip Irrigation

作　　者：刘敏[1] 杨树青[1] 符鲜 宛恒 LIU Min;YANG Shu-qing;FU Xian;WAN Heng(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College ,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Huhhot 010018 China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2018年第1期33-37,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金："十三五"国家科技支撑项目"内蒙河套灌区粮经作物高效节水灌溉技术研究与集成应用"(2016YFC0400205);"河套灌区枸杞微咸水滴灌水肥关键技术应用研究"(NSK2016-S7)

摘　　要：为了高效地利用丰富的咸水资源,减少肥料过量而造成的环境污染,通过大田试验对枸杞微咸水滴灌条件下的水肥耦合进行研究。试验共设置3个灌水水平(W1:2 325 m^3/m^2、W2:2 850 m^3/hm^2、W3:3 375 m^3/hm^2)和3个施氮水平(N1:525 kg/hm^2、N2:750 kg/hm^2、N3:975 kg/hm^2),分析了不同水氮处理对枸杞生长、产量、灌溉水分利用效率及肥料偏生产力的影响。研究表明,适当提高灌水量和施氮量可以促进枸杞植株的生长。在同一灌水水平下,N2、N3较N1百粒重分别增加7.3%~11.4%、1.9%~4.0%;在同一施肥水平下,百粒重W2>W3>W1。在各处理中,W2N2的产量最高,为5 547.22 kg/hm^2,其余各处理相比W2N2枸杞产量减少1.94%~33.27%。减小灌水量和增大施肥量时,i WUE增大,PFP减小;反之,i WUE减小,PFP增大。当水氮处理为W2N2时既能保证高产,又能使i WUE和PFP达到较高水平,因此枸杞适宜的水氮配施量为2 850 m^3/hm^2、750 kg/hm^2(W2N2)。In order to effectively utilize the abundant salt water resources and reduce the environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilizer,this paper studies the coupling of water and fertilizer under the brackish water drip irrigation through field experiments.In the test,three irrigation levels（W1：2 325 m^3/hm^2,W2：2 850 m^3/hm^2,W3：3 375 m^3/hm^2） and three nitrogen levels（N1：525 kg/hm^2,N2：750 kg/hm^2,N3：975 kg/hm^2） are set,the effects of different water and nitrogen on the growth and yield of Lycium barbarum,irrigation water use efficiency and partial factor productivity of fertilizer are analyzed.The results show that increasing the amount of irrigation and the amount of nitrogen applied can promote the growth of Lycium barbarum plants.Compared with N1,under the same irrigation level,the 100 fresh fruit grain weight of N2 and N3 are increases by 7.3%-11.4% and 1.9%-4.0%,respectively,and the sequence from large to small is W2,W3,W1 under the same fertilization level.In each treatment,the yield of W2N2 is the highest,5 547.22 kg/hm^2,and the yield of W2N2 Lycium barbarum is decreased by 1.94%-33.27% compared with the other treatments;with the increase of irrigation and the decrease of fertilization,i WUE increases,while PFP decreases;otherwise,i WUE decreases,PFP increases;when water and nitrogen are treated as W2N2,both high yield and high i WUE and PFP can be ensured.Therefore,the suitable amount of water and nitrogen is 2 850 m^3/hm^2 and750 kg/hm^2（W2N2）.

关 键 词：枸杞 微咸水滴灌 产量 灌溉水分利用效率 肥料偏生产力 

分 类 号：S5-3[农业科学—作物学]