杭州地区大气^(210)Pb与^(210)Po水平及所致公众剂量评价  

The activity concentraction of ^(210)Pb and ^(210)Po in Hangzhou atmosphere and induced public dose assessment

作　　者：曹钟港 杨阳 王莉莉 王克斌 CAO Zhonggang;YANG Yang;WANG Lilt;WANG Kebin(Environmental Radiation Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012)

机构地区：[1]浙江省辐射环境监测站国家环境保护辐射环境监测重点实验室,杭州310012

出　　处：《辐射防护》2018年第1期8-14,共7页Radiation Protection

基　　金：中国工程院咨询课题<不同能源链对环境放射性影响与评价>子课题

摘　　要：大气中的^(210)Pb与^(210)Po,主要来自地表土壤氡的衰变,是铀系最后两个长寿命子体。为测量大气^(210)Pb与^(210)Po水平,研究建立了以206Pb为载体、离子交换为分离手段的^(210)Pb方法,以及以209Po为示踪剂加α能谱的^(210)Po方法。运用所建立的分析方法,对杭州地区开展了大气气溶胶^(210)Pb与^(210)Po水平分析。2012年连续监测结果表明,杭州地区大气^(210)Pb年平均水平为(1.31±0.69)m Bq/m^3,范围为0.12~2.74 m Bq/m^3;^(210)Po年平均水平为(0.29±0.18)m Bq/m^3,范围为0.06~0.89 m Bq/m^3。杭州地区大气^(210)Pb与^(210)Po水平与国内其它城市较为一致,比欧美约偏高一个量级。根据监测结果,对大气^(210)Pb与^(210)Po以吸入方式所致公众待积有效剂量作了初步估算,公众剂量水平为1.5~13.8μSv/a,平均剂量为7.0μSv/a。210Pb and 210Po in atmosphere are mainly from the decay of radon in surface soil on the earth,which are the last two long-lived daughter radionuclides in uranium decay chain. A method for analysis of 210Pb using206 Pb as carrier following the sample separation by ion exchange was developed to determine the activity concentrations of 210Pb and 210Po in atmosphere; and a method for the analysis of 210Po employing209 Po as tracer and counted by α spectrometer was developed. The 210Pb and 210Po concentrations in atmospheric aerosol in Hangzhou were carried out. Continuous monitoring results in 2012 showed the average 210Pb concentration was（1. 31 ± 0. 69） m Bq/m^3,ranging from 0. 12 to 2. 74 m Bq/m^3. The average 210Po concentration was（0. 29 ±0. 18） m Bq/m^3,ranging from 0. 06 to 0. 89 m Bq/m^3. The 210Pb and 210Po concentrations in Hangzhou were comparable with other cities in China,while one order of magnitude higher than the American and European cities. Public committed effective dose by inhalation from atmospheric 210Pb and 210Po was 1. 53 to 13. 78 μSv/y,with an average value of 7. 00 μSv/y.

关 键 词：210Pb 210Po 活度浓度 公众剂量 

分 类 号：X83[环境科学与工程—环境工程]