木薯叶片显微结构及叶绿素荧光参数比较  

Comparison on Microstructure and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameter in Cassava

作　　者：安飞飞[1] 陈霆[2] 杨龙[3] 陈松笔[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所农业部木薯种质资源保护与利用重点实验室,儋州571737 [2]海南师范大学,海口570228 [3]贵州省亚热带作物研究所,兴义562400

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2018年第1期104-109,共6页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-青年基金项目(31601361);国家自然科学基金-国际交流与合作项目(31361140366);中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所基本科研业务费(1630032016008)

摘　　要：选择野生橡胶木薯(Manihot glaziovii)、野生近缘种W14(M.esculenta ssp.flabellifolia)和栽培种华南205(M.esculenta cv.SC No.205)为材料,对其叶片解剖结构及叶绿素荧光参数进行比较,了解其结构与光合效率上的差异。采用石蜡切片对木薯功能叶片的显微结构进行观察,95%乙醇直接提取法提取叶绿素,采用叶绿素荧光仪PAM-2500测定叶片光系统II(PS II)叶绿素荧光动力学参数。结果显示,橡胶木薯和SC205叶片拥有"独特"的绿色维管束鞘细胞结构,但没有C4植物典型的"花环结构";W14叶片海绵组织叶肉细胞围绕维管束鞘细胞排列,但发达程度略低,整体形状略似"花环结构",但没有典型C4植物的"花环结构"明显。W14叶绿素a及总叶绿素含量均显著低于橡胶木薯和SC205。橡胶木薯、W14和SC205叶片叶绿素荧光参数ΦPS II从大到小依次为SC205、橡胶木薯和W14,但W14叶片Fv/Fm值较橡胶木薯和SC205更高,推测W14有较大的潜在光合能力。橡胶木薯和SC205均属于C3植物,W14是一种介于C3和C4之间的木薯种质。光系统II中光合效率ΦPS II从大到小依次为SC205、橡胶木薯和W14。In this study, wild cassava （ Manihot glaziovii ）, wild relative WI4 （ M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia ） and SC205 （ M. eseulenta ev. SC No.205 ） were used as materials. Leaf anatomical structures and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter were analyzed in order to show the difference in its structure and photosynthetic activity. The microstruetures of cassava functional leaves were observed by paraffin sections, 95% ethanol extraction method to extract chlorophyll directly, using PAM-2500 to measure chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters of light systemII （ PS II ） . Result showed that wild cassava and SC205 leaves were with ＂unique＂ green bundle sheath cell structure, but no typical ＂kranz structure＂ of C4 plant. The overall shape of green bundle sheath cells in W14 was slightly like the ＂kranz structure＂, but was not typical as C4 plant, while mesophyll cells were adjacent to the external of the green bundle sheath and they were arranged at slightly loose. Content of chlorophyll A and total chlorophyll in Wl4 leaves were significantly lower than wild cassava and SC205. Chlorophyll flum＇eseence parameter qsPS H in them ean he sequenced as SC205 〉 wild cassava〉 W14 ; however, Fv/Fm in W14 was higher than wild cassava and SC205, speculated that WI4 might have a greater potential of photosynthetic capacity. Wild cassava and SC205 belong to C3 plant, W14 was a kind of cassava germplasm between C3 and C4. Their photosynthetic effieieneies in ΦPS II were in descending order of SC205, wild cassava, and W14.

关 键 词：木薯 叶片 显微结构 叶绿素荧光 光合效率 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]