风电机组风轮与主轴轴系的动力学耦合特性  

DYNAMIC COUPLING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LOW SPEED SIDE SUBSYSTEM IN HORIZONTAL WIND TURBINE

作　　者：赵荣珍[1] 苏利营 刘宏[1] 郑玉巧[1] 张娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学机电工程学院

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2018年第1期226-232,共7页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675253;51165019)

摘　　要：针对叶片柔性振动引起叶轮与塔架间产生干涉、使叶根处发生疲劳破坏的问题,对叶片与主轴和主轴轴承间的相互作用关系进行探讨。依据刚柔耦合多体系统动力学理论,建立一种能够计算风轮与主轴轴系间耦合动态响应的低速轴端多体子系统的刚柔耦合动力学性能计算的仿真方法。该方法考虑了主轴轴承的刚度与阻尼、轴承结构间隙、叶片柔性以及叶轮风剪切效应间的相互耦合影响作用。以河西走廊某风场1.2 MW风电机组为例对所建模型进行验证。结果表明,转速与叶片间由于风剪切作用出现的气动力不平衡对主轴轴系的稳定性影响作用较大,该研究提出的方法能够模拟出气动力波动对系统稳定性的影响情况,能够计算获得叶片面内运动的动态响应规律。采用Blade软件进行的验证结果表明了该方法的有效性。Aiming at the interference between the blade and tower caused by the vibration of flexible blade which will cause the fatigue failure of blade root, the interaction among the blade and the main shaft as well as its bearings were discussed. This paper proposed a simulation method based on multibody system dynamics theory. It was used to calculate the dynamic response of rigid and flexible coupling of a muhibody subsystem that is composed of the wind wheel, the main shaft and its main bearing of horizontal wind turbine. The stiffness, damping, gap, flexible deformation and wind shear effects of main bearing are all considered in this model, To verify the effectiveness of this method, the dynamic performance of a 1.2 MW wind turbine was calculated and the wind turbine stands in a wind farm in the Hexi corridor of Gansu Province, China. The simulated results showed that spindle speed and aerodynamic forces imbalance of blade have an obvious effect on the stability of the shaft system. The vibration characteristics of shaft also have a strong correlation with bearing clearance. The root of blade appears alternating moments and the tip of blade emerges cyclical displacement. That there is just a slight deviation between this result and that obtained by standard analysis software Bladed confirmed the effectiveness of this method.

关 键 词：柔性多体系统动力学 风轮与主轴系统 稳定性分析 振动特性 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]