电动汽车的市场需求和环境影响:功能更新与政府补贴  

Adoption and Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicles:Function Updates and Government Subsidies

作　　者：邵路路[1] 杨珺[1] 杨超[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学管理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2018年第1期103-111,共9页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(71320107001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71172093;71672065);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(10YJC630331);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-06-0653);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(HUST:2013QN101);武汉市‘黄鹤英才(现代服务)计划’资助项目

摘　　要：随着交通行业产生的碳排放和石油能源消耗问题受到越来越多关注,电动汽车行业的发展变得尤为重要。基于不同购买行为的异质性消费者,通过建立两阶段效用模型,得到不同类型消费者的市场需求,并进一步探究了政府关注电动汽车的环境影响情况下产品耐用度、产品更新程度和政府补贴对电动汽车市场需求的影响,结果表明:当单位电动汽车的环境效益较大时,随着更新程度的提高,第一阶段的电动汽车需求增大,而第二阶段的需求减少;当单位车辆的环境效益较小时,更新程度的提高使得第一阶段的需求降低,而第二阶段的需求增大;生产商最优利润随产品更新程度和政府补贴的增加而增大,当产品耐用度大于某个阀值时,生产商利润随耐用度的增加而增大,反之则减小。With the increasing awareness of carbon emission and oil consumption, the development of electric vehicles industry is attracting more attention. According to consumers of heterogeneity with different buying behavior, the authors build a two-stage utility model. By solving the model, the market demand of different of consumer types are obtained. When government considers environmental impacts, the paper further explores how the market demand of electric vehicles is influenced by the product＇ s durability, degree of updates and govern- ment subsidies. The results indicate that when the environmental benefit of unit vehicle is larger, with the increase of the degree of updates, the market demand of electric vehicles will increase in the first stage, but that will decrease in the second stage. When the environmental benefit of unit vehicle is smaller, with the increase of the degree of updates, the market demand will decrease in the first stage, but that will increase in the second stage. The optimal profit of manufacturer increases with the increase of the degree of product updates and govern- ment subsidies. When the product durability is greater than a certain threshold, manufacturer＇ s profit increases with the increase of durability, and vice versa.

关 键 词：管理科学 两阶段效用模型 STACKELBERG博弈 电动汽车 政府补贴 产品更新 

分 类 号：F224.32[经济管理—国民经济]