柴油污染土壤改良对黑麦草生长适应性的影响  

Effects of soil improvements on growth adaptability of Lolium perenne in diesel-polluted soil

作　　者：赵绚[1] 何兴东[1] 张京磊[1] ZHAO Xuan;HE Xing-dong;ZHANG Jing-lei(College of Life Sciences,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2018年第1期79-85,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2013AA06A205)~~

摘　　要：通过开展柴油单因素实验和锯末、硝酸铵、磷酸二氢钾3因素改良实验,对黑麦草幼苗生长指标及氮磷含量进行测定分析,以探讨黑麦草在柴油污染土壤中及土壤改良后生长情况的变化。结果表明,柴油质量分数为0.9%时,黑麦草幼苗株高、地上部和地下部生物量分别较对照显著下降了58.87%、98.07%、91.23%,叶片和根部全氮含量和氮/磷比也较对照显著降低。在质量分数为0.9%的柴油污染土壤中添加3种土壤改良剂后,10%体积分数的锯末可使黑麦草幼苗株高和地上部生物量分别显著增加27.48%和24.70%,同时10%体积分数的锯末具有显著增加叶片全氮含量和氮/磷比的作用。可见,在柴油浓度为0.9%的污染土壤中施加体积分数为10%的锯末可显著增强黑麦草幼苗的生长适应性。Crude oil contaminates can inhibit plant growth, which is largely due to the limitation of nitrogen（N）and phosphorus（P）absorption by plants to consequently affect the N/P ratio in the tissues. In general, a greater N/P ratio will result in lower plant biomass and height;however, the relationship between plant growth and the N/P ratio under a condition of crude oil contamination may not be in concordance with the normal condition. In the present study, the growth adaptability of Lolium perenne seedlings to diesel-polluted soil was explored in a single-factor pot experiment with diesel application. The effect of soil improvements on the growth of L. perenne seedlings under 0.9% diesel-polluted soil was investigated in a three-factor orthogonal experiment with sawdust, ammonium nitrate, and monopotassium phosphate. We investigated the growth status of the seedlings and determined the concentrations of N and P in the seedlings. The results showed that plant height, and the above-and below-ground biomass of L. perenne seedlings grown under the 0.9% diesel concentration were respectively 58.87% , 98.07% , and 91.23% lower than those observed in the no-diesel control. The N concentration and N/P ratios in the leaves and roots were also decreased significantly in the diesel condition. In the 0.9% diesel-polluted soil, the plant height and above-ground biomass of L. perenne seedlings were respectively 27.48% and 24.70% greater when grown with a 10% volume fraction of sawdust compared with the no-sawdust control. The N concentration and N/P ratios in the leaves also increased significantly with sawdust. Thus, the addition of a 10% volume fraction of sawdust could significantly increase the growth adaptability of L. perenne seedlings growing under a condition of 0.9% diesel-polluted soil. In addition, these results demonstrated that the changes of N/P ratios in plants growing in diesel-polluted soil was a major reason for the suppression of plant growth.

关 键 词：黑麦草 柴油污染土壤 氮/磷比 土壤改良剂 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]