氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01和赤泥对水稻中镉含量及分布规律的影响  

Effects of Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans QBS-01 and Red Mud on Cadmium Concentration in Rice

作　　者：魏祥东[1] 邹慧玲[1,2] 方雅瑜 尹晓辉[1] 杨登[1] 陈楠[1] 张昊 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院/湖南农业大学南方稻田重金属污染防控协同创新中心,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学图书馆,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国稻米》2018年第1期68-72,79,共6页China Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(4121511);湖南省科技计划项目(2016NK2017);湖南省科技计划项目(2015NK3015);农业部;财政部项目(2016130)

摘　　要：通过室内盆栽试验,分析了施用氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01和赤泥对水稻体内镉含量及分布规律的影响,探索利用氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01及赤泥治理稻米Cd污染的可行性。结果表明,添加氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01和赤泥后,水稻株高及产量增加,根、茎、叶、谷壳和糙米中Cd含量显著降低,Cd含量降低幅度由高到低依次为赤泥+氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01配施处理>赤泥单施处理>氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01单施处理,降低幅度最大的处理为R2T2。单施赤泥时,随着添加量增加,稻米Cd含量先降低后升高;氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01单施及其与赤泥配施时,随着添加量增加,稻米Cd含量无显著变化。虽然添加赤泥和氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01能显著降低糙米Cd含量,但由于土壤中重金属污染严重,糙米中Cd含量仍超过国家限量标准。可见,在重度Cd污染土壤中,利用赤泥、氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01及其配施很难实现稻米安全生产的目的。In order to find Thiobacillus ferrooxidans QBS-01 and red mud used to control cadmium pollution in rice grains, the effects of their addition amount and method of fertilizing on the cadmium contents in rice grains and transportation in rice were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that the plant height and yield of rice increased after T. ferrooxidans QBS-01 and red mud added, while the cadmium contents in root, stem, leaves, chaff and brown rice decreased significantly. Reduction degree of cadmium contents in root, stem, leaves, chaff and brown rice were in order combined application of T. ferrooxidans QBS-01 and red mud, single application of red mud and single application of T. ferrooxidans QBS-01, and the optimal treatment was R2T2. When single application of red mud, with the amount increased, the contents of cadmium in brown rice decreased first and then increased. However, there had no significant effects with single application of T. ferrooxidans QBS-01 and combined with red mud. Although the cadmium contents in brown rice decreased significantly when T. ferrooxidans QBS-01 and red mud added, it is still higher than the national limitation standard of cadmium in brown rice because of heavy pollution of Cd in paddy soils, which showed it is difficult to achieve the aim of safety in rice production using T. ferrooxidans QBS-01 and red mud at rice paddy with heavy cadmium pollution.

关 键 词：氧化亚铁硫杆菌QBS-01 赤泥 水稻 镉 添加方式 添加量 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]