杂交三倍体泥鳅染色体C带及rDNA序列的FISH定位  

Characterization of hybrid triploid loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)karyotype by C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization with rDNA

作　　者：周贺[1] 徐其征 高养春[2] 张蕊[1] 李霞[1] 庄子昕 梁雨婷[1] 李雅娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《水产学报》2018年第2期178-185,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272650);辽宁省科学技术基金(201102019)~~

摘　　要：对杂交三倍体泥鳅(4n♀×2n♂)的胚胎染色体进行了C带及染色体荧光原位杂交(FISH)分析,首次探讨了杂交三倍体泥鳅C带特征,为准确鉴别染色体提供依据,研究了核糖体5.8S+28S r DNA在杂交三倍体泥鳅胚胎中期染色体上的数目和位置。C带结果表明,杂交三倍体泥鳅的染色体C带包括臂端C带和着丝粒C带,没有发现臂间C带。M染色体只有1号染色体既有臂端C带又有着丝粒C带,但臂端C带均比着丝粒C带大,信号也比着丝粒的强;而其他M染色体及SM染色体、T染色体只有着丝粒C带。FISH分析显示,核糖体5.8S+28S r DNA清楚地定位在杂交三倍体泥鳅中期染色体中部着丝粒染色体(M)的端部区域,在杂交三倍体泥鳅中期染色体上可以检测到三簇杂交信号。该结果从分子细胞遗传学层面进一步证实了杂交三倍体泥鳅是含有三套染色体组的遗传三倍体。The embryonic chromosomes of hybrid triploid loach（4 n♀×2 n♂）, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, were examined by C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH）.The characteristics of C-band of hybrid triploid loach were discussed for the first time, so as to provide the basis for identifying chromosomes accurately.Meanwhile, the number and position of ribosomal 5.8 S＋28 S r DNA in the metaphase chromosomes of hybrid triploid loach embryos were studied.The results of C-banding in embryonic chromosomes of hybrid triploid loach show that, C-bands were classified into types of terminals and centromeres, but no middle type of arm was observed.The type of terminals were located on terminal of short arm of M1, whereas, compared with the type of centromeres, bigger and more obvious C-band was found on terminal of short arm of M1.While the other M chromosomes and SM chromosomes and T chromosomes only have centromeric C-band.The results of FISH show that, ribosomal 5.8 S＋28 S r DNA was clearly localized in the region of terminal of middle centromere（M） of the metaphase chromosome of the hybrid triploid loach.Three hybrid signals could be detected in metaphase chromosomes of hybrid triploid loach.The results further confirmed that the hybrid triploid loach is a genetic triploid with three sets of chromosomes from the aspect of molecular cytogenetics.

关 键 词：泥鳅 杂交三倍体 C带 RDNA FISH 

分 类 号：Q343.2[生物学—遗传学] S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]