室温开关的温敏透湿织物涂层胶的制备与性能研究  

Preparation and properties of fabric coatings with thermal-sensitive water vapor permeability having room-temperature switch

作　　者：纪凤龙[1] 郑光洪[2] 胡金莲[3] 罗美玲 李颖仪 林子睿 

机构地区：[1]五邑大学纺织服装学院,广东江门529020 [2]成都纺织高等专科学校材料与环境学院,成都611731 [3]香港理工大学纺织及制衣学系,香港九龙999077

出　　处：《染整技术》2018年第1期17-21,共5页Textile Dyeing and Finishing Journal

基　　金：五邑大学校青年基金(2013zk22)

摘　　要：采用低分子质量的聚丙二醇为原料合成了一系列以玻璃化转变温度(T_g)为开关的水性形状记忆聚氨酯。通过DSC、DMA和SAXS表征了聚氨酯薄膜的热性能、聚集态结构。结果显示,聚氨酯配方不同,T_g在12~46℃变化。通过采用不同的原料和配方可以得到T_g接近室温25℃的水性聚氨酯。为了提高薄膜的力学性能和耐水性,在这两种聚氨酯中加入5%的水分散多异氰酸酯交联剂,结果显示聚氨酯的T_g略有降低。研究了这四种开关温度在室温附近的涂层织物的温敏透湿性能和耐静水压等性能。实验表明,这些涂层织物表现出明显的温敏透湿性。由于软段相的质量分数较高,采用聚丙二醇PPG400合成的聚氨酯涂层织物的温敏透湿性更好,但其耐静水压和耐水洗性较低。引入交联剂后,涂层织物的耐水压和耐水洗性明显提高。A series of waterborne shape memory polyurethanes with glass transition temperature （Tg） as switch were synthesized by using low molecular weight poly （propylene glycol） as raw material. The thermal properties and morphology of the polyurethane films were characterized by DSC, DMA and SAXS. The results showed that Tg of the polyurethanes changed in the range of 12~46 ℃ with the variation of polymerization formula. Two kinds of polyurethanes with similar Tg being about 25 ℃ were obtained from different raw materials and different formula. In order to improve the mechanical properties and water resistance of the fabric coatings, 5% water dispersible polyisocyanate cross-linkers was added into the two kinds of polyurethanes, which resulted in the slight Tg decrease of the two polyurethanes. The effects of four switching temperatures on the temperature sensitive moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the coated fabrics near the room temperature were investigated. The thermal-sensitive water vapor permeability and the resistance to hydrostatic pressure of the fabrics coated with the four kinds of polyurethanes having room-temperature switch. The results revealed that the coated fabrics showed apparent thermal-sensitive water vapor permeability feature. Because of higher content of hard-segment phase of the polyurethane made of PPG400, the fabric coated with the polyurethane ex- hibited more significant thermal-sensitive water vapor permeability characteristic, but showed lower hydrostatic pressure resistance and lower washing durability. By incorporating cross-linkers into the polyurethanes, the hydrostatic pressure resistance and washing durability of the coated fabrics were improved obviously.

关 键 词：温敏 形状记忆 透湿性 水性聚氨酯 

分 类 号：TS195.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]