宽垄沟灌下冬小麦水分生产函数试验研究  

Field plot experiment on water production function of winter wheat in wide ridge and furrow irrigation

作　　者：汪顺生 李欢欢 王康三 刘东鑫 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2017年第11期987-992,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279157);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(12A210018);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项目;华北水利水电大学高层次人才科研启动项目

摘　　要：为了了解宽垄沟灌下冬小麦不同生育期受旱程度对其产量、耗水量、水分利用效率的影响以及水分生产函数,进行大田小区试验研究.结果表明:受旱时期越靠后,冬小麦的产量越低,播种—拔节期轻旱产量最高为6 805.12 kg/hm^2,灌浆—成熟期重旱产量最低为5 986.50 kg/hm^2;受旱时期越靠后,耗水量越低,播种—拔节期轻旱的耗水量最大为4 260.3 m^3/hm^2,抽穗—灌浆期重旱耗水量最小为3 418.6 m3/hm^2;冬小麦水分利用效率最大出现在拔节—抽穗期轻旱为1.86 kg/m^3,最小出现在播种—拔节期重旱为1.57 kg/m^3;冬小麦的总产量与总耗水量呈二次抛物线关系,相关系数为0.966 7,两者差异极具有统计学意义,冬小麦沟灌下适宜耗水量为356~424 mm;得出了河南郑州地区冬小麦的Jensen水分生产函数模型,水分敏感指数按抽穗—灌浆期,拔节—抽穗,灌浆—成熟,返青—拔节,播种—越冬和越冬—返青依次降低.The effects of drought in different growth periods on yield,water consumption and water use efficiency as well as water production function are studied based on a series of field plot experiments.The results show that the later the drought,the lower the yield of winter wheat. The highest yield is6 805. 12 kg/hm^2 when a light drought happens in sowing and jointing stages,and the lowest yield is5 986. 50 kg/hm^2 if a severe drought occurs in filling and maturing stages. The later the drought,the lower the water consumption of winter wheat. The maximum water consumption is 4 260. 3 m^3/hm^2 for a light drought in sowing and jointing stages,and the minimum consumption is 3 418. 6 m^3/hm^2 for a severe drought in heading and filling stages. The maximum water use efficiency of winter wheat is 1. 86 kg/m^3 for a light drought in jointing and heading stages,and the minimum is 1. 57 kg/m^3 for a severe drought in sowing and jointing stages. The total yield of winter wheat is a parabolic function of total water consumption with a correlation coefficient of 0. 966 7,which is significant in statistics. The suitablewater consumption of winter wheat is 356—424 mm in furrow irrigation. A Jensen water production function model of winter wheat is obtained for field in Zhengzhou,Henan Province. The water sensitive index decreases steadily from heading—filling to jointing—heading,filling—maturing,reviving—jointing,sowing—overwintering,and overwintering—reviving periods.

关 键 词：冬小麦 产量 耗水量 水分利用效率 水分生产函数 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]