新兵集训期应激事件量表的信度和效度研究  

Reliability and Validity of Psychological Stress Scale for Recruits during Military Training

作　　者：谭燕[1] 吴蕾[1,2] 刘艳[1,3] 何耀[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院学报编辑部,北京100853 [2]中国人民解放军总医院老年医学研究所流行病学室,衰老及相关疾病研究北京市重点实验室 [3]北京回龙观医院临床心理科

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2017年第11期1440-1443,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：全军医学科研基金(No.13CXZ029,No.CWS12J13)

摘　　要：目的研制适合我军新入伍士兵集训期间使用的应激事件量表,并评价其信度和效度。方法课题组在某新兵团对调查对象进行了结构式访谈,结合专家意见及文献调研,构建了包括4个维度、14个条目的新兵集训期应激事件量表,并对量表进行信度和效度检验。量表的信度检验采用分半信度、重测信度和内部一致性信度(克朗巴赫α系数),效度检验采用探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析和内部相关性分析。结果本文中1355例新兵研究对象的量表总得分为(20.34±6.66)分,得分范围0~37分。量表各条目得分及其与总分间的相关系数在0.196~0.494之间(P<0.01)。量表的内部一致性信度为0.765,分半信度为0.743,两周后重测信度为0.830。对1355例样本进行探索性因子分析发现,KMO值为0.729,Bartlett的球形检验值为1 039.757,提取了4个因子(生活环境适应因子、训练科目适应因子、人际适应因子和精神适应因子),负荷矩阵显示量表的结构效度良好。对重测样本进行验证性因子分析发现模型拟合较好。4个因子得分与量表总得分之间的相关系数在0.365~0.799之间(P<0.01),说明具有较好的内容效度。结论本研究所研发的新兵集训期应激事件量表可用于检测新入伍士兵在集训期间发生的应激事件,帮助部队在集训期间更好地开展心理辅导工作。统计分析结果表明本量表的信效度良好,在新兵人群中具有较好的适用性。Objective To develop a psychological stress scale used for Chinese military recruits during training,and to evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods We performed a structured interview in a group of recruits,and we consulted experts and literature.Finally,we set up a psychological stress scale including four dimensions of 14 items.Split-half reliability,internal consistency reliability（Chronbach α coefficient）,and retest reliability were used to assess the reliability of the scale.Exploratory factor analysis,confirmatory factor analysis and internal correlation analysis were used to test the validity of the questionnaire.Results The total score of the scale was（20.34±6.66） among the 1355 subjects,and the score ranged from 0 to 37.The correlation coefficient between each item score and the total score ranged from 0.196 to 0.494,（P〈0.01）.The internal consistency reliability of the scale was 0.765,the split-half reliability was 0.743,and the retest（after two weeks） reliability was 0.830.Exploratory factor analysis of the 1355 subjects found that the KMO value was 0.729,Bartlett of the spherical test value was 1039.757.Factor analysis extracted 4 factors（the living environment adaptation factor,training subjects adaptation factor,interpersonal adaptability factor and mental adjustment factor）,and the load matrix display scale showed good construct validity.The confirmatory factor analysis of the re-test sample showed the fit of the model.The correlation coefficient between the 4 factor scores and the scale total score ranged from 0.365 to 0.799（P〈0.01）,which showed a good content validity.Conclusion The present tool can be used to detect events of psychological stress and further assist the psychological counseling of the army during military training.This evaluation tool has proved to be a reliable and validated measurement for comprehensive assessment of recruits.

关 键 词：男性新兵 集训期应激事件量表 信度 效度 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] E0[哲学宗教—心理学]