语义通讯——智能时代的产物  

Semantic Communications: Outcome of the Intelligence Era

作　　者：石光明 李莹玉 谢雪梅 

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学人工智能学院,西安710071

出　　处：《模式识别与人工智能》2018年第1期91-99,共9页Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.61632019);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(No.61621005)资助~~

摘　　要：通讯技术从信源信道编码,到载波调制机制,再到超宽带通讯,这些信号层面的通讯技术已逼近香农界,以传送数据或信号波形的当前通信技术往哪里发展?文中总结新型人工智能技术对通讯技术变革的引导作用,提出新的通讯方式,即语义通讯.相比当前通讯中的"形式通讯",语义通讯的核心是"达意通讯"或"内容通讯".它通过知识库的建立实现类似的目的,即"达意"通讯而非数据通讯,并且通过信息发送方与接收方之间知识库的匹配,实现信道的混用,提高容错率.这是一种真正意义上的人工智能通讯方式,即类脑通讯的方式.这种以"达意"为基础的类脑通讯将极大地减少实际需要传输的数据量,有效解决大数据时代对通讯技术带来的挑战.文中提出语义通讯的构想,并阐述语义通讯的基本特征,语义的基本元素、语义编码和解码,待研究内容以及需要解决的挑战问题.Communication technology develops greatly, especially in source and channel coding, modulation mechanisms and ultra-wideband communications. From the aspect of signal processing, current technologies have already approached the Shannon capacity. Directions for future researches in traditional data and signal transmission-based communication industry become unclear. According to the recent state-of-the-art artificial intelligence technologies and their influences on the revolution of the communication industry, a new communication mechanism, namely semantic communications, is proposed. Compared with the traditional communication technology based on pattern transmission, the key point of semantic communications is idea-passing communication, and it can also be referred to as content transmission. In such a revolutionary communication mechanism, the transmission is conducted upon ideas instead of data through the construetion of a certain knowledge library. The error tolerance of the channel can also be improved via the matching between the idea transmitter and receiver. It could be considered as the artificial intelligence induced communication with its true meaning since it is a brain-resembling communication meehanism. The introduced brain-resembling communication mechanism based on idea-passing significantly reduces the data amount to be transmitted, and it is an efficient way to address the challenge to the communication industry due to the arrival of big data era. In this paper, the tentative idea of semantic communications is presented and the fundamental elements, semantic coding and decoding, future research direetions and major challenges in semantic communications are discussed.

关 键 词：语义通讯 语义基元 智能通讯 达意交互 语义网络 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]