塔里木河流域不同林龄胡杨与柽柳的水分利用策略研究  

Water Use Strategies of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima at Different Ages in Tarim River Basin

作　　者：王勇 赵成义[1] 王丹丹[1,2] 傅思华 周天河 WANG Yong;ZHAO Chengyi;WANG Dandan;FU Sihua;ZHOU Tianhe(Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environment, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049;GanZhou Water Group Co. ,Ltd, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]赣州水务集团有限责任公司,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2017年第6期157-163,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671030;U1403281);中国科学院重大仪器研制项目(Y52410)

摘　　要：基于稳定同位素方法研究了塔里木河流域胡杨和柽柳的水分来源及分布特征,探讨了塔里木河流域胡杨和柽柳的水分利用策略。结果表明:(1)胡杨和柽柳的植物水与土壤水的降水偏离程度与地下水存在显著差异(P<0.05),表明土壤中存在不完全混合的水源库,与植物耗水和地下水补给存在动态联系;(2)不同林龄胡杨和柽柳土壤水δ^(18)O值随土壤深度增加均呈下降趋势,受蒸发作用影响,表层土壤水δ^(18)O值波动明显;(3)不同林龄胡杨和柽柳水分利用来源存在差异,胡杨和柽柳对土壤水的吸收利用随林龄增加层位下移。无论在幼苗阶段或成熟阶段,柽柳利用土壤水的深度均低于胡杨,表明其适应干旱环境的能力更强。Based on the stable isotope method,The water use patterns and strategies of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima at different ages were studied in Tarim River Basin.The results showed that：（1）precipitation offset of plant and soil water were significantly different from that of groundwater,indicating that there were two inhomogeneous and incompletely mixed water reservoirs that supply either for the plant water fluxes or the fluxes of groundwater.（2）The δ^18O value of surface soil water fluctuated widely,which was affected by evaporation,and the δ^18O value of soil water decreased gradually with the increasing soil depth.（3）The water used by the Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima with different ages came from different sources.The deeper soil water could be accessed after the ages increased.There might be water competition at the mature age of Populus euphratica and seedling age of Tamarix ramosissima.Whether seedling or mature,Tamarix ramosissima could use deeper water than Populuseuphratica,and therefore,be more adaptable to the arid environment.

关 键 词：胡杨 柽柳 林龄 水分利用策略 稳定同位素 

分 类 号：Q945.17[生物学—植物学] S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]