黄土丘陵区4种典型植物根系分布特征及对土壤分离速率的影响  

Distribution Characteristics of Root and Their Effect on Soil Separation Rate of Four Typical Plants in Loess Hilly Region

作　　者：葛芳红 周正朝 刘俊娥 王宁 李静 蒋平海 GE Fanghong;ZHOU Zhengchao;LIU June;WANG Ning;LI Jing;JIANG Pinghai(School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi＇an 710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安710062

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2017年第6期164-169,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"黄土区典型乡土草本植物对土壤侵蚀动力学过程的调控机理研究"(41571260);国家自然科学基金项目"黄土丘陵沟壑区植物间正相互作用对坡面植被格局的影响"(41501290);陕西省自然科学基金项目"黄土高原草被控制坡沟系统径流侵蚀动力机制及有效性研究"(2014KJXX-52)

摘　　要：以黄土丘陵区4种典型植物种群(狼牙刺、白羊草、铁杆蒿、达乌里胡枝子)为研究对象,采用野外采样、室内模拟试验与分析相结合的方法,对0—30cm土层的各径级根系密度参数(根长密度、根体积密度、根表面积密度)与土壤理化性质、土壤分离速率间的关系进行了研究。结果表明:(1)4种植物的根系径级主要集中在0<D≤1.0mm之间,86%~93%的根长和46%~61%的根表面积分布在此范围内,且根系径级越大,根系各密度参数越小;(2)4种植物各径级根密度参数对土壤理化性质(容重、有机质、团聚体)的影响各不相同;狼牙刺根系直径为0<D≤1.0mm的根密度参数与土壤容重、有机质含量呈极显著相关;铁杆蒿在0<D≤1.0mm径级的根密度参数与土壤容重呈极显著负相关,与土壤有机质含量呈极显著正相关,所有径级的根密度参数与土壤团聚体均呈显著正相关;白羊草在0<D≤5.0mm径级区间内的根可有效改善土壤的容重,在0<D≤2.0mm径级根密度参数与土壤有机质、团聚体呈显著正相关;达乌里胡枝子在3.0<D≤5.0mm径级的根对土壤容重影响显著,直径D>1.0mm的根对土壤团聚体有显著的影响;(3)土壤分离速率与根系各密度参数呈负相关。除达乌里胡枝子外,其他3种植物在0.0<D≤1.0mm径级上根密度参数与土壤分离速率均呈极显著负相关。Based on field sampling,indoor simulation experiment and laboratory analysis,roots density parameters（i.e.,root length density,root volume density,root surface area volume）in 0—30 cm soil layer in different roots diameter classes of four typical plants（Sophora viciifolia,Bothriochloa ischaemum,Artemisia gmelinii and Lespedeza daurica）in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau,and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties and soil separation rate were studied in this paper.The results showed that：（1）Root diameter of the four plants were mainly concentrated in the range of 0-1.0 mm,and root with these diameters accounted for 86%-93% of root length and 46%-61% of root surface area.And the root diameter was larger,the root density parameters were smaller.（2）The effect of root density parameters on soil physicochemical properties（bulk density,organic matter,and aggregates）were different among the four plants.Roots density parameters of S.viciifolia were significantly correlated with the soil bulk density and organic matter when the root diameter was 0-1.0 mm.The root density parameters of A.gmelinii were significantly and negatively correlated with soil bulk density,while they were significantly positively correlated with soil organic matter in 0-1.0 mm diameter,there were significantly positive correlations between soil aggregates and roots density parameters in all diameter classes.The root with 0-5.0 mm diameter of B.ischaemumcould effectively improve the soil bulk density,and the density parameters of theroot with diameter of 0-2.0 mm were significantly positively correlated with soil organic matter and aggregate.The roots with diameter of 3.0-5.0 mm of L.dauricahad significantly effect on soil bulk density,and the roots with diameter larger than 1.0 mm had significantly effect on soil water stable aggregate.（3）There was a negative correlation between soil separation rate and the root density parameters.Besides L.daurica,the other plants＇ roots density parameters were highl

关 键 词：根长密度 根体积密度 根表面积密度 土壤理化性质 土壤分离速率 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]