戈尔巴乔夫时期苏联的农业改革研究  

Study on the Agricultural Reform in the Soviet Union during the Period of Gorbachev

作　　者：邓倩 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《安康学院学报》2018年第1期92-95,128,共5页Journal of Ankang University

摘　　要：戈尔巴乔夫看到了苏联经济体制中重工业、轻工业和农业发展极度不协调的弊病,在其随后的改革中亦涉及到了农业方面,但由于对苏联农民的现实需求及农业发展状况了解不够深入,其农业改革收效甚微,农业发展的低迷状态未能得到实质性改善,农民大失所望,最终以失败而告终。这直接影响了苏共在农民群体中的公信力,削弱了其执政根基,加速了苏联解体的进程。通过分析戈尔巴乔夫时期苏联的农业改革,可以透视农业发展、农民状况与共产党执政之间的现实联系,为党处理好农民问题、巩固执政基础提供历史经验。Gorbachev recognized the extremely uncoordinated problem of Soviet economic system in heavy industry,light industry and agriculture development,and then involved the agriculture in the subsequent reform,but can not find the real demand of the Soviet farmers and the real condition of the agricultural development,finally the agriculture reform failed, the terrible development of agricultural still failed to get improvement, farmers felt disappointment. This result directly affected the credibility of the communist party among farmers,weakened its ruling foundation and accelerated the process of the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Through the analysis of the agricultural reform of the Soviet Union in Mikhail Gorbachev period,can perspective the reality of the relationship among the agricultural development,farmers' status and the ruling communist party,provide historical experience for the party to deal with the peasant problem and consolidate the ruling foundation.

关 键 词：戈尔巴乔夫 农业改革 农民 

分 类 号：K512.5[历史地理—历史学]