青岛市短时强降水的气候特征和天气系统分型  

Analysis of climate characteristics and synoptic system classification on short-time severe precipitation in Qingdao

作　　者：张凯静 江敦双 丁锋 

机构地区：[1]青岛市气象台,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛市气象局,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2018年第1期108-114,共7页Journal of Marine Meteorology

基　　金：青岛市气象局科研项目(2014qdqxc02;2015qdqxd03;2015qdqxc03;2015qdqxh02);山东省气象局科研项目(sdqd2013-02)

摘　　要：利用1981—2012年4—10月青岛市7个观测站逐时降水量资料和同期NCEP再分析资料,统计分析青岛市短时强降水的时空分布特征,建立青岛市短时强降水天气概念模型。结果表明:青岛市年短时强降水日数无明显变化趋势;4—10月均有短时强降水出现,7—8月是多发月份;短时强降水的日变化有2个多发时段,主峰在下午到傍晚时段,次峰在凌晨时段;即墨、平度、黄岛为青岛市短时强降水的多发区域,其中黄岛为连续性短时强降水出现最多的区域;青岛市产生短时强降水的天气系统可分为六种类型,西风槽型、横槽型、冷涡型、热带低值系统型、西北气流型、切变线型,其中西风槽型出现次数最多。Based on the hourly precipitation data at 7 weather stations in Qingdao and the reanalysis data of NCEP from 1981 to 2012,the temporal and spatial distribution features of short-time severe precipitation events from April to October are analyzed and the conceptual models of short-time severe precipitation in Qingdao are established. The results show that： there is no obvious variation tendency for annual short-time severe precipitation days in Qingdao. Short-time severe precipitation events frequently appear from April to October,especially in July-August. The diurnal variation of short-time severe precipitation shows that there are two peaks. The most active peak is between afternoon and evening,and the second active peak is in early morning. Jimo,Pingdu and Huangdao are the frequent occurrence areas of short-time severe precipitation in Qingdao,and Huangdao is the region where the continuous short-time severe precipitation events occur mostly. Six types of short-time severe precipitation conceptual models are established,including the westerly trough type,transversal trough type,cold vortex type,tropical depression type,northwesterly flow type,shear line type,and the westerly trough type occurs mostly.

关 键 词：短时强降水 气候特征 天气系统分型 

分 类 号：P466[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]