500kV亚纳秒脉冲X光机研制  

Design of 500kV sub-nanosecond pulsed X-ray generator

作　　者：张小强[1] 赵光义[1] 周林[1] 姜占兴 梁川[1] 李名加[1] 王真[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2018年第2期87-92,共6页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

摘　　要：高能量亚纳秒脉冲X射线可用于精确定标辐射探测系统的时间响应特性和探测灵敏度,对于脉冲辐射场诊断技术研究具有重要意义。研制了一种小型化、可移动的亚纳秒脉冲X射线源,装置占地区域尺寸为1.2m×40cm,重142kg。设计了双锥形绕组同轴结构变压器,采用新颖的三谐振变压技术,将纳秒脉冲形成线充电至520kV,通过油介质自击穿开关放电,输出370kV,3.8ns的高压脉冲。设计了多级过匹配传输线提升输出电压,并利用油介质peaking-chopping开关进行脉冲压缩,产生了峰值520kV、半高宽0.5ns、功率1.8GW的高压脉冲。基于Child-Langmuir定理,设计了刀刃阴极X光管,在520kV电压下的运行阻抗为150Ω,管前20cm处的X射线峰值能量注量率约为1×1016 MeV·cm-2·s-1,累积照射量为4.1mR。Sub-nanosecond high energy X-ray source is widely used in calibration of time response characteristic and sensitivity of radiation detectors.A compact generator for sub-nanosecond X-ray pulse was developed,covering a floor area of 1.2 m×40 cm with weight of 142 kg.A coaxial pulsed transformer was designed using double conical windings and triple resonance transformer technology.A nanosecond pulse forming line and a self-break oil switch were employed,generating a high voltage pulse with peak value of 370 kV and pulse width of 3.8 ns.The voltage was then increased to 520 kV by multi-stage over-matched transmission lines,and the pulse width was sharpened to 0.5 ns via a peaking-chopping oil switch.The power of the pulse loaded across the AK gap of the X-ray tube was 1.8 GW.The X-ray tube,using a foil array cathode,was designed and analyzed on the basis of Child-Langmuir theory.Radiation with a peak energy flux rate of about 1×1016 MeV·cm-2·s-1 was generated at a distance of 20 cm,and the integral dose was 4.1 mR per pulse.

关 键 词：亚纳秒高压脉冲 脉冲X光机 三谐振变压器 peaking-chopping开关 X射线管 

分 类 号：TM832[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]