填埋场中有害元素成分原位检测方法  

In-situ detection method of harmful elements in landfill

作　　者：李克伟 凌永生 张皓嘉 单卿[1,2] 黑大千 贾文宝[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学核科学与工程系,南京210016 [2]江苏省高校放射医学协同创新中心,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2018年第2期129-135,共7页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11405086);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

摘　　要：生活垃圾组分中的有毒有害元素易造成填埋场周围土壤和地下水污染。填埋场中有害元素成分的原位在线检测,可为填埋场安全稳定运行提供必要的技术支持。提出一种基于瞬发伽马射线中子活化分析技术的填埋场中有害元素检测方法,针对填埋场中气体导排管的实际环境构建检测装置研究模型,采用聚乙烯球、玻璃球和超纯水混合物混合的替代方案制备不同成分的填埋垃圾样品。围绕氢元素特征峰强度的变化规律,采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟计算优化检测模型的各项几何参数并以活度为300mCi的镅铍中子源和4in(约10cm)BGO探测器等主要部件构建实验研究平台。蒙特卡罗模拟和实验结果表明,垃圾填埋场中氯、锰、镍、铬元素特征峰强度均随着元素容重的增加而增强,且呈现良好的线性变化关系。Toxic and harmful elements of living garbage can easily cause soil and groundwater contamination around the landfill.In-situ monitoring of harmful elements in landfills can provide the necessary technical support for safe and stable operation of landfills.In this paper,a method for detecting harmful elements in landfill based on instantaneous gamma-ray neutron activation analysis is proposed.The research model of the detection device for the actual environment of gas pipeline in landfill is made by using polyethylene ball,glass ball and ultra-pure water mixture as dry refuse substitute for preparing different landfill samples.The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the geometrical parameters of the optimized model and experimental research platform was constructed using an americium beryllium neutron source with an activity of 300 mCi and a 4 inch BGO detector.Monte Carlo simulation and experimental results show that the characteristic peak intensities of chlorine,manganese,nickel and chromium in the landfill are enhanced with the increase of the element bulk density,and there exists a good linear relationship.

关 键 词：填埋场 有害元素 PGNAA 蒙特卡罗方法 在线检测 

分 类 号：O571[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]