输血不良反应98例分析  

Retrospective analysis of 98 adverse transfusion reaction cases

作　　者：徐慧英 朱蕾[1] 廖昭平 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院检验科,杭州310009 [2]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院输血科,杭州310009

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2018年第1期5-8,共4页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LY16H160023);浙江省医药卫生科研基金(2017KY369)

摘　　要：目的分析本院输血不良反应发生率以及输血前用药情况,探讨输血不良反应的原因及预防措施。方法统计2013年1月至2016年8月输血量,查阅输血不良反应患者资料,分析其特征。结果共有54 000人次输注血液制品,发生输血不良反应98例,输血不良反应率为0.18%。其中输注单采血小板发生输血不良反应率最高(0.43%),其次为血浆(0.09%)和红细胞(0.07%),其他血液制剂未发现输血不良反应。输血不良反应发生率最高的科室为血液内科(0.73%),反复输血、耐受性差及免疫功能失调的患者更容易发生输血不良反应。发生输血不良反应患者中,输血前预防性用药比例高达45.09%。结论严格把握输血指征,避免血液制剂的滥用。输血前预防性用药不宜常规使用,对于有过敏史,反复输血的患者可以考虑适量预防性用药。Objective To investigate the cause of adverse transfusion reaction and take corresponding preventive measures though retrospective analysis of the incidence of adverse transfusion reaction and premedication. Methods All the transfusion records were analyzed from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine during the past 4 years. Results Ninety-eight adverse transfusion reactions were identified which were non-hemolytic febrile transfusion reactions and anaphylaxis exclusively. Fifty-four thousand person-times of transfusion were observed with the incidence of adverse reaction 0.18%;furthermore apheresis platelet reached the highest rate(0.43%)followed by plasma(0.09%)and red blood cells(0.07%),reactions were not found in other blood products. Hematology is the top incidence of adverse transfusion reaction departments with 0.73%,patients with repeated transfusion or poor tolerance and immune dysfunction were prone to suffer from side effects. Up to 45.09% ratio transfusion premedication was observed in the 98 cases. Conclusion Transfusion indication should be rigorously considered to avoid the abuse of blood products,transfusion premedication should not be routinely used in case of specific patients with allergies and repeated transfusion.

关 键 词：输血不良反应 非溶血性发热反应 过敏反应 输血前预防性用药 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]