放养密度对稻田内鸭子运动规律及杂草控制效果的影响  

Influence of feeding density of ducks in rice field on movement behaviour and weeds control

作　　者：张本华[1] 张宇虹[1] 孔爱菊[1] 宋玉秋[1] 邬立岩[1] 辛明金[1] 刘翠红[1] 崔红光[1] 任文涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学工程学院,沈阳110886

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第3期234-239,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51081240353)

摘　　要：为探索放养密度对鸭子在田间运动行为规律的影响及其对杂草的控制效果,该文采用超宽带(ultra wide band,UWB)定位技术,检测了鸭子在田间运动位置信息,研究了不同放养密度下鸭子在田间的活动规律及其对水田主要杂草的防除效果。结果表明,随着放养密的增加:1)鸭子的活动范围变大,单位面积出入几率也增大;2)鸭子在田间运动时间占总时间的比例逐步加大,对应每660 m2放养15、20、25和30只4种放养密度,该比例分别是69.17%,75.33%,77.83%和80.00%;3)鸭子进入各个小单元格的平均次数越多,对应上述4种放养密度,鸭子每天平均进入各单元格次数分别是12.05、17.82、23.03和27.73次,其中,高频次比例逐渐增加,且增加较快,而低频次比例逐渐较小;4)对杂草的控制效果越好,因为鸭子在田间活动的目的是获取食物,放养密度越大,鸭子为获取食物而产生的竞争越激烈,鸭子在田间的活动范围越广、时间越长、进入各个小单元格的频次越高,其采食杂草的机会越多。研究成果将为鸭稻共作技术工艺的进一步优化提供参考。The location information of ducks in paddy field is necessary in order to adequately explore the behavioral activities of ducks in the field and the control effect on weeds. Satellite and wireless positioning systems are difficult to adapt well in rice-duck field condition, however, ultra wide band（UWB） positioning technique is a good alternative and can adapt effectively. In this study, the use of UWB positioning system to detect the movement location information of ducks in rice field was reported. The system uses DW1000 positioning chip to build the base station with detection accuracy of 10 cm. Each tagged duck position coordinates（x, y） were computed based on TDOA（time difference of arrival） location algorithm and passed through the API（application programming interface） interface. The treatment monitoring plot area was 660 m2（11 m×60 m rectangular plot）. 6 base stations were established and each station was fixed to each of the 4 vertices of the rectangle and midpoint of the long side. Ducks activities in the field under different conditions of release density（15, 20, 25 and 30） were studied. Experimental condition of each duck density was the same and location information were collected every other 2 days. Results showed that with increase of release density, the ducks became more active. Also, the state of ducks mobility in the field gradually increased as the density increased. Corresponding to the stocking density of 15, 20, 25 and 30, the proportion of total time obtained were 69.17%, 75.33%, 77.83% and 80.00%, respectively. More ducks were found to enter into each unit cell area as the release density increased. The number of entrance corresponding to the density of 15, 20, 25 and 30 were obtained as 12.05, 17.82, 23.03 and 27.73 times, respectively. Ducklings entering cells at low frequency（1-3 times per day） had the greatest probability. But, with increase in release density, the probability to enter at high frequency（7-13 times） also increased rapidly. The control e

关 键 词：作物 动物 杂草控制 稻鸭共作 超宽带定位系统 放养密度 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]