基于表型性状及抗病标记的番茄种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Tomato Germplasm Resources Based on Phenotypic Traits and Disease Resistance Markers

作　　者：张倩男[1] 王晓敏[1] 芮文婧 胡学义 胡新华 付金军 高艳明[1,4,2] 李建设 张亚红[1,4,2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏现代设施园艺工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏巨丰种苗有限责任公司,宁夏银川750021 [4]宁夏设施园艺(宁夏大学)技术创新中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第1期14-21,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏自治区农业育种专项(NXNYYZ20150303;NXNYYZ201503)

摘　　要：【目的】为了对收集到的117份番茄种质资源进行评价及分类,采用多元统计法,结合表型性状测定与实用性抗病性分子标记检测,对已收集到的117份番茄种质资源的综合性状进行评价。【结果】供试材料各数量性状的遗传差异都达到极显著水平,变异系数范围在7.21~52.27;遗传多样性分析显示,质量性状中果顶形状的遗传多样性指数最高,为1.198;数量性状中,叶片长的遗传多样性指数最高,为2.063;相关性分析表明:不同性状间存在着复杂的相关关系,且大部分都表现为显著或极显著的相关性;对遗传差异达极显著的15个数量性状及变异类型丰富的3个质量性状进行主成分分析,前8个主成分累计贡献率达80.8%;通过聚类分析将供试材料在欧式距离为0.78处聚为Ⅶ类,其中第Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类包括85份材料,这些材料均具有成熟果色为红色、硬度大、可溶性固形物含量高以及生长势较强等特点。通过抗病性分子鉴定发现,同时抗2种病害的材料有37份,同时抗3种病害的材料有3份,这40份种质资源可以作为多抗育种材料进行收集利用。【结论】本研究明确了各种质资源材料的综合性状特性,为番茄种质资源研究和育种提供参考。【Objective】To investigate and measure phenotypic traits of 117 tomato germplasm resources,the genetic diversity based on the phenotypic data of 25 morphological traits and 5 disease resistance molecular marker data was evaluated by using multivariate statistical methods. 【Result】There were very significant differences among phenotypic traits of the tested materials. The variable coefficient was 7. 21-52. 27. Genetic diversity analysis showed that fruit top shape had the highest genetic diversity index of 1. 198 among the tested qualitative traits; the length of leaves had highest genetic diversity index of 2. 063 among the quantitative traits. Correlation analysis showed that there were complex correlations between different traits and most of them were marked by significant or high significant correlations. Principal component analysis on 15 quantitative traits of significant genetic difference and 3 qualitative traits of high variation types showed that the first four principal components accounted for over 80. 35 % of genetic diversity. By cluster analysis,the tested materials were classified into VII groups at the 0. 78 European distance. Eighty five materials were grouped into group II and group III,which had the characteristics of red fruit color,high hardness,high soluble solid content and strong growth potential. Molecular marker testing indicated that 37 materials were resistant to 2 diseases,3 materials resident to 3 diseases. These 40 germplasm resources could be used for multi-disease resistant breeding. 【Conclusion】This study clarified the comprehensive characteristics of various tomato germplasm materials, and provided references for research and breeding of tomato varieties.

关 键 词：番茄 遗传多样性 抗病标记 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]