种苗等级与定植密度和时间对昭通天麻箭麻大小及产量的影响  

Effect of Seedlings Grade,Planting Density and Time on Size and Yield of Gastrodiaelata Bl.f. Glauca S. Chow

作　　者：马聪吉 王丽[1] 张智慧[1] 王家金[1] 陈骏飞 石子为 吕德芳 刘大会[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南农业大学资环学院,云南昆明650205 [3]沾益县农业局生物资源开发技术推广站,云南曲靖655500 [4]湖北中医药大学药学院,湖北武汉430065

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第1期34-38,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2013BAK13B04);云南省科技计划重点项目(2012CG022);云南省科技创新人才计划(2014HB040)

摘　　要：【目的】确定适宜的播种因素,为昭通天麻生产节本增产,提高经济效益。【方法】在云南昭通彝良产区天麻栽培过程中采用不同种苗等级、定植密度及定植时间,对产出箭麻的个体大小、产量和经济效益进行分级比较。【结果】采用一级种苗播种,箭麻成麻率最高,个体较大,产量最高,经济效益最好;按照0.6 m×0.4 m栽培塘的规格,种苗的定植密度为8个/塘时,箭麻成麻率最高,个体较大,经济效益最好;1月份定植的种苗,其箭麻成麻率可达100%,产量最高,经济效益最好。【结论】选用较大的种苗,定植密度为32个/m^2左右,定植时间在每年1月,均可显著提高箭麻的个体大小、产量及产值,为昭通天麻的高效栽培提高参考依据。【Objective】The study aims to determine the suitable planting condition that could be used for improving yield and economic value of Gastrodiaelata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow. 【Method 】The Gastrodiaelata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow were cultivated with different seedlings grade,planting density and time in Zhaotong,which individual size and yield were observed and compared. 【Result】Individual size and yield of Gastrodiaelata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow was in proportion to the seedlings grade; The seedlings should be cultivated with an appropriate planting density at 8 seedlings per pit and opportune time at January of each year. 【Conclusion】What could improve the yield and economic value of Gastrodiaelata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow is the lager seedlings,planting density at 32 seedlings per square meter and planting time at January of each year. The research work provides a reference for high-benefit cultivation of Gastrodiaelata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow.

关 键 词：昭通天麻 产量 种苗等级 定植密度 定植时间 

分 类 号：S567.9[农业科学—中草药栽培]