夏闲期耕作对旱地麦田土壤物理质量的影响  

Effects of tillage during summer fallow on soil physical properties of dryland winter wheat fields in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：李慧 高志强[1] 薛建福[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第2期15-21,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31771727);公益性行业科研专项经费(201303104);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-03-01-24);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2015M581322;2017T100169)

摘　　要：[目的]研究夏闲期耕作对旱地麦田土壤容重、重量含水率和孔隙度等物理性状的影响。[方法]设置夏闲期深翻(PT)和深松(ST)两个处理。[结果]在0~50cm土层剖面内,土壤容重均随土层深度的增加而增加,ST处理下土壤容重比PT处理降低了0.7%~14.5%;而土壤重量含水率和总孔隙度则随土层的加深而降低,ST处理下土壤重量含水率和总孔隙度较PT处理分别提高了23.3%~41.9%和0.9%~14.0%。另外,PT处理土壤容重和重量含水率的层化率高于ST处理,而土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度的层化率低于ST处理。土壤容重与重量含水率和各孔隙度均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。整体来看,ST处理下的土壤固相低于PT处理,液相高于PT处理。[结论]夏闲期深松更有利于改善旱地麦田的土壤物理质量。[Objective]The present study was aimed to determine the impact of different tillage practices during summer fallow on soil physical properties(e.g.,soil bulk density,soil gravimetric water content and soil porosity).[Methods]Two treatments,deep plow(PT)and subsoiling(ST)during summer fallow,were employed in the study.[Results]The results showed that soil bulk density was increased with the increase of soil depth up to 50 cm,while it was decreased by 0.75%~14.5% in ST treatment than that in PT treatment.Soil gravimetric water content and total porosity were decreased with the increase of soil depth in the whole soil profile,and both of them in ST treatment were higher by 23.3%~41.9% and 0.9%~14.0% than that in PT treatment,respectively.Furthermore,the stratification ratios of soil bulk density and gravimetric water content in PT treatment were higher,and soil total porosity and capillary porosity were lower than those in ST treatment.The significantly negative correlation was detected between soil bulk density and soil gravimetric water content,soil total porosity,air-filled porosity and capillary porosity(P<0.01).In general,the ratio of soil liquid phase in ST treatment was higher than PT treatment and the ratio of solid phase was lower than PT treatment.[Conclusion]Overall,compared with PT,adoption of ST could be a possible solution to improve soil physical quality of fields with dryland winter wheat in south of Shanxi Province.

关 键 词：深松 深翻 土壤物理性状 土壤三相比 旱地冬小麦 

分 类 号：S152.5[农业科学—土壤学]