微波低温热解对垃圾衍生燃料脱氯及改性性能试验研究  

Dechlorination and Modification Characteristics of Refuse Derived Fuel by Microwave Low Temperature Pyrolysis Technology

作　　者：刘珍 王汉青 周跃云 刘建文 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学城市与环境学院,湖南株洲412007 [2]南华大学土木工程学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《包装学报》2017年第6期9-15,共7页Packaging Journal

基　　金：湖南省研究生创新基金资助项目(CX2015B559);湖南工业大学博士生专项基金资助项目(2016ZBLB01);湖南工业大学博士科研基金资助项目(D2014001)

摘　　要：采用微波技术对垃圾衍生燃料(RDF)进行低温热解脱氯改性,探究微波改性条件(脱氯终温、加热速率、微波吸收剂)对RDF脱氯的效果及RDF燃烧性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着微波改性温度由220℃升高至300℃,脱氯率由16%上升到65%;温度在240℃以上,HCl产率在较小范围内波动,280℃时有效HCl产率最高,从能耗和有效HCl产率综合考虑,认为280℃是最佳微波低温脱氯温度。一定范围内,随着微波改性加热速率的加快,RDF的脱氯效果越好,当加热速率从4℃/min增加至13℃/min时,脱氯效率从57%上升至67%左右;但加热速率加快至15℃/min时,脱氯效果略差。相同温度条件下,添加SiC和石墨等作为微波吸收剂均能显著提高RDF的脱氯效果,SiC促进物料脱氯的效果更佳;温度较低(220℃)和较高(280℃和300℃)时,SiC提升物料脱氯效果更加显著。RDF经微波低温脱氯改性后,可燃性更好,燃烧稳定性能更佳,发热量显著提高至20 MJ/kg左右,与褐煤和烟煤接近。Refuse derived fuel（RDF）was dechlorinated and modified by microwave low temperature pyrolysis technology.The effects of final dechlorination temperature,heating rate and microwave absorbent on the dechlorination ratio and the combustion performance of RDF were explored.The dechlorination ratio was increased with the increasing of the final dechlorination temperature.When the temperature rose from 220 ℃ to 300 ℃,the dechlorination ratio increased from 16% to about 65%.With the temperature being above 240℃,the effective HCl yield fluctuated in a small range and reached the maximum at 280℃.As a result,according to the energy consumption and effective HCl yield,it was considered that 280 ℃ was the optimal temperature.Within a certain range,the faster of the microwave heating rate was,the higher of the dechlorination ratio.When the heating rate was increased from 4 ℃·min^（-1） to 13 ℃·min^（-1）,the dechlorination ratio was raised from 57% to 67%,but the dechlorination ratio was slightly reduced when the heating rate reached up to 15 ℃·min^（-1）.Moreover,adding SiC and graphite as microwave absorbents could significantly improve the dechlorination ratio,while SiC had better effect.At the low temperature（220℃） and relatively high temperature（280℃and 300 ℃）,the enhancing dechlorination effect of SiC was more significant.The RDF was with better combustible performance and stable combustion performance after being dechlorinated and modified by microwave low temperature pyrolysis technology.In addition,the calorific value of RDF was increased to about 20 MJ/kg which was close to that of lignite and bituminous coal.

关 键 词：微波低温热解 垃圾衍生燃料 脱氯率 有效HCl产率 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]