膝关节骨性关节炎治疗现状  

Current Treatment Methods of Knee Osteoarthritis

作　　者：薛浩 刘岩[2] 冉博[2] 毛洪刚[2] 李哲海 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学,呼和浩特010000 [2]内蒙古医科大学第三附属医院骨科,内蒙古包头014010 [3]包钢预防保健中心,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《医学综述》2018年第2期321-325,330,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81460343);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2014MS0819)

摘　　要：膝关节骨性关节炎是目前最常见的膝关节疾病,尽管在疾病发病机制方面的认识取得了新的成就,但有效的治疗仍是临床医师面临的一个巨大挑战,暂时还没有治愈或阻止其进展的有效手段,急需可以改善进展和预后的新的治疗靶点和方法。目前根据不同病情程度主要采用保守治疗和手术治疗。保守治疗以口服抗炎药和镇痛药来缓解疼痛、减轻炎症反应和关节内注射药物保护及润滑关节、促进软骨修复。关节镜手术通过清理膝关节来消除关节肿胀、恢复功能。开放性手术治疗则是通过纠正下肢力线,清除关节赘生物、改善关节间室的异常压力来恢复关节活动度,减轻疼痛症状,改善患者生存质量。Knee osteoarthritis is currently one of the most common knee joint diseases. Although the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease has made new achievements,effective treatment is still a huge challenge to the clinicians,that there is no effective means to cure or prevent the progress,and we urgently need new therapeutic targets and methods to improve the progress and prognosis. Currently,non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment are mainly used acco rding to the severity of the disease. Non-surgical treatments include oral anti-inflammatory and analgesics to relieve pain,reduce inflammation reaction and intra-articular injection of drugs to protect and lubrication of joints and to promote cartilage repair. Arthroscopic procedure is to remove joint swelling and restore joint function by cleaning the knee joint. Open surgery is to restore motion,lighten the pain symptoms and improve the quality of life via correcting force line of lower limbs,clearance of joint paraphyte,improving the abnormal pressure of joint chamber.

关 键 词：膝 骨关节炎 关节软骨 治疗方法 

分 类 号：R684.3[医药卫生—骨科学]