花粉源大小及花粉竞争对抗病毒转基因小麦基因漂移的影响  

Effects of Size of Pollen Source and Competition of Pollens on Gene Flow of Virus-Resistant Transgenic Wheat

作　　者：董姗姗[1] 石雪 于赐刚[1] 张振华[1] 陈明[3] 刘燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所/环境保护生物安全重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [2]南京信息工程大学农业资源与环境系,江苏南京210044 [3]中国农业科学研究院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2018年第2期140-145,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2016ZX08011-003;2016ZX08012-005)

摘　　要：转基因小麦基因漂移的研究有助于建立防止外源基因逃逸以及小麦品种间种质污染。以抗小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV)转基因冬小麦品种N12-1为花粉供体,以扬麦158和矮杆败育小麦为花粉受体,平行设置2种不同面积(100和400 m^2)的花粉源,通过调查距花粉源不同距离处转基因小麦的基因漂移频率,研究了花粉源大小及不同品种对转基因小麦基因漂移的影响。结果表明,花粉源大小对小麦基因漂移频率没有显著影响;不同花粉受体材料中的基因漂移频率有显著差异,在0和2 m处矮杆败育小麦中的基因漂移频率显著偏高;小麦的基因漂移频率随着距花粉源距离的增加显著下降,5 m以后降为0。研究结果表明花粉竞争是影响转基因小麦基因漂移的主要因素,距离隔离是控制小麦花粉介导的基因漂移的最有效措施之一。Studying gene flow of transgenic wheat helps establish a corresponding strategy to prevent transgene escape and germplasm contamination between compatible wheat genotypes. An experiment was carried out using transgenic wheat with resistance to wheat yellow mosaic virus( WYMV) as pollen donor,and Yangmai 158 and dwarf male-sterile wheat as pollen receptors,and two plots of the transgenic wheat,different in size( 100 and 400 m^2) and laid out in parallel as pollen sources. Gene flow frequency was monitored at different intervals from the pollen source to investigate effects of size of the pollen source and competition between pollens on gene flow of the transgenic wheat. Results show that size of the pollen source did not significantly affect transgene flow frequency,but variety of the two pollen receptors did. The male-sterile dwarf wheat was found to be significantly higher in transgene flow frequency at distance intervals of 0 and 2 m from the pollen source. The gene flow frequency of transgenic wheat declined dramatically with increasing distance from the source and was reduced to 0 over the test distance of 5 m. All the findings indicate that pollen competition may be a major factor influencing transgene flow and isolation by distance is one of the most effective methods to control pollen-mediated gene flow in wheat.

关 键 词：转基因漂移 转基因小麦 花粉竞争 异交率 距离隔离 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q94[生物学—植物学]