电子束选区熔化成形Ti6Al4V和316L不锈钢叶轮体微观组织和力学性能的研究  

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4V and 316L Stainless Steel Impeller Body Made by Electron Beam Selective Melting

作　　者：周斌[1] 张婷[1] 林峰[1] 郭超[1] 蔡振铭 孔啸 

机构地区：[1]清华大学,北京100084 [2]上海电气电站设备有限公司上海汽轮机厂,上海200240

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2018年第1期175-180,共6页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

摘　　要：采用电子束选区熔化技术制造了Ti6Al4V和316L不锈钢2种不同材料的叶轮体,通过对比分析微观组织结构,测量尺寸精度、表面粗糙度、致密度和抗拉强度等方面性能,探讨利用增材制造技术制造叶轮体在工业上运用的可行性。结果表明:制造的Ti6Al4V和316L不锈钢叶轮体抗拉强度分别为560~700 MPa和996~1120 MPa,均高于一般锻造标准强度水平,达到工业使用要求。钛合金叶轮体内部存在沿成形方向生长的柱状晶,组织为网篮组织,而成形截面较小的区域晶粒较为粗大,为粗片状的α+β相。不锈钢叶轮体内部存在有规律的鱼鳞状的扫描道熔合痕迹,存在部分粗化的枝晶。Ti6A14V impeller body and 316L stainless steel impeller body were formed by electron beam selective melting （EBSM）. By comparing the microstructure, dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, density and tensile strength of the impeller body, the feasibility of applying EBSM process in industrial impeller body manufacturing was evaluated. The results show that the tensile strengths of Ti6A14V and 316L stainless steel impeller body are 560-700 MPa and 996-1120 MPa, respectively, which are higher than the standard level of wrought, meeting the requirements of industrial use. The microstructure in the Ti6A14V impeller body is basket-weave a＋fl, except those in leaf fragments are coarse flakes a＋fl phase because of their smaller cross-sections, and there are columnar crystals along the building direction. While the 316L stainless steel microstructure in the impeller body presents scaly scan path fusion marks, and there are some coarse dendrites.

关 键 词：增材制造 电子束选区熔化 微观组织结构 力学性能 叶轮体 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]