某煤矸石电厂工作场所噪声危害程度调查与分析  

Noise hazard in a coal gangue power plant

作　　者：刘超 刘亚杰 杜文霞 张延巍 王斌 杨帆 

机构地区：[1]兵器工业卫生研究所第八研究室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第3期417-419,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解煤矸石电厂各工作岗位噪声危害程度,为噪声防治与管理提供依据。方法采用职业卫生现场检测与调查的方法,对某煤矸石电厂各岗位工作人员接触噪声危害程度、个体防护情况及职业健康管理情况进行分析与评价。结果该煤矸石电厂工作场所噪声强度在51.6 d B(A)-101.1 d B(A)之间,噪声强度超过85d B(A)的工作场所,主要分布于燃料输送系统、锅炉系统和汽机系统。作业人员接触噪声L_(EX,8h)在59.7d B(A)-90.6 d B(A)之间,锅炉及汽机系统保洁员、输煤皮带巡检工等长时间处于高噪声场所的作业人员L_(EX,8h)超标严重,超标率分别达到100%、80.0%和33.3%,且其职业健康管理与个体防护,也不能满足职业卫生法规、标准要求。结论该煤矸石电厂高噪声工作场所主要分布于燃料输送系统、锅炉系统和汽机系统。锅炉及汽机系统保洁员、输煤皮带巡检工等长时间处于高噪声场所的临时雇佣人员,受噪声危害最为严重,职业卫生管理工作疏漏较为严重,发生职业病的风险较高,应作为该电厂职业病防治工作的重点。Objective To understand the degree of noise hazards in a coal gangue power plant, and to provide the basis for noise prevention and management. Methods Occupational health on - site inspection and survey methods were used to analyze and evaluate the hazards of occupational noise exposure, occupational health management and individual protection of workers in a coal gangue power station. Results The workplace noise intensity of the gangue power plant ranged from 51.6 dB（A） to 101. 1 dB（A） ,and the workplaces where the noise intensity were more than 85dB（A） were mainly distributed in the fuel delivery system,boiler system and turbine system. The operator contacted LEX, 8h was between 59.7dB （A）and 90.6 dB （A）. Boiler and steam turbine system cleaners, coal belt inspection workers were suffering from high noise exceeding the standard badly for a long time, and the exceeding standard rate reached 100% ,80% and 33.3 % , respectively. In addition, the occupational health management and individual protection did not meet the requirements of occupational health regulations and standards. Conclusion The high noise workplaces of the gangue power plant are mainly distributed in the fuel delivery system, the boiler system and the turbine system. Temporary workers such as boiler and turbine system cleaners and coal belt inspectors who work in high noise places for a long time suffered most from serious noise hazard. These people＇s occupational health management is more relatively lax, and they have a higher risk of occupational disease. These problems should be viewed as focus of occupational disease prevention and control for the power plant.

关 键 词：煤矸石 火力发电厂 噪声 职业病危害 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]