山东省日照市社区老年人体育锻炼现状及影响因素分析  

Status quo and influencing factors of community elderly's physical exercise in Rizhao,Shandong

作　　者：常佳 王莎莎[2] 李爱娇[2] 王祥[2] 于慧慧[2] 范依宁 张小伟[2] 韩超[2] 李伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院护理学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]潍坊医学院公共卫生与管理学院,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第3期496-500,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71373181);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2015GZ005;ZR2014GQ006);山东省医药卫生科技项目(2015WS0066);"健康山东"重大社会风险预测与治理重点项目(XT1403003);山东省高校人文社科课题(J16YF50);山东省统计科研课题(KT16233)

摘　　要：目的探讨老年人体育锻炼现状和影响因素,明确老年体育锻炼重点促进人群,为促进全民健身建设健康中国提供理论依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,对山东省日照市两辖区60岁及以上符合要求的567名老年人进行问卷调查。结果山东省日照市社区老年人体育锻炼参加率为56.8%,无性别差异,71~80岁的老年人体育锻炼参加率最高;绝大多数参加体育锻炼的老年人运动量较大,"经常"参加体育锻炼者占91.6%;脑卒中、关节炎不同现患状况的老年人体育锻炼参加率和锻炼频率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);婚姻状况、文化程度、主要日常活动、患慢病种数是老年人体育锻炼的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论山东省日照市社区老年人体育锻炼既具有共性也具有自身特点,无配偶、文化程度低、日常活动以非文体活动为主、患慢病种数多的人群是老年体育锻炼重点促进人群。Objective To explore the status quo and influencing factors of elderly＇s physical exercise to clear the key point of physical exercise for the elderly, and to provide theoretical basis for promoting the focus groups to participate in the national fitness program for purposes of constructing Healthy China. Methods A questionnaire survey was effectively conducted among the 567 citizens aged 60 ：and over, who were sampled by the stratified random sampling method in two regions of Rizhao in Shandong. Results About 56.8% of elders took part in a physical exercise in Rizhao. There was no gender difference. The sporting participation rate of the elderly in the 70s was the highest. The vast majority of the elderly who took^part in the physical exercise had a large amount of exercise. About 91.6% of community elders took exercise regularly. There is a significant difference in the participation rate of physical exercise and the frequency of exercise in the elderly with different status of stroke and arthritis. The influence of marital status, the degree of education, main daily activities and the number of chronic diseases of the elderly on exercise had statistical significances （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The current status of physical exercise of community elders in Rizhao has both generality characteristics and its own characteristics. The elders with no spouse, low education degree, heavy housework and multiple chronic diseases are the main groups to be encouraged to exercise more.

关 键 词：社区 老年人 体育锻炼 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]