不同处理对‘巨峰’葡萄无核化及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Different Treatments on Seedlessness and Fruit Quality of ‘Kyoho'Grape

作　　者：刘金标[1] 李洪艳[1] 曹雄军[1] 时晓芳[1] 张瑛[1] 周咏梅[1] 谢太理[1] LIU Jin-biao;LI Hong-yan;CAO Xiong-jun;SHI Xiao-fang;ZI-IANG Ying;ZHOU Yong-mei;XIE Tai-li(Grape and Wine Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Nanning 530007, Chin)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第12期2788-2792,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD16B05);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2014YQ11;桂农科2015YT83)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选出适宜广西‘巨峰’葡萄一年两收栽培(夏果)无核化处理的配方与方法,为广西‘巨峰’葡萄进行无核化栽培提供参考。【方法】利用赤霉素(GA3)、链霉素(SM)、吡效隆(氯吡脲、CPPU)等植物生长调节剂,设置12个不同组合和浓度处理,以清水为对照,对‘巨峰’的夏果进行无核化处理试验。【结果】各处理都能使‘巨峰’葡萄的无核率、果穗重和鲜食品质有较大提高,赤霉素、链霉素和吡效隆混合处理产生的无核效应明显大于单独使用赤霉素。从无核化处理后果实的综合性状来看,处理10最佳,该处理果穗果粒均匀,平均单穗重最大,果实品质最好,果梗硬化程度低,无核率达90.00%。在桂南对‘巨峰’葡萄进行无核化处理时,较优处理方案为:第1次在谢花后2~3 d用赤霉素(GA3)8 mg/L+链霉素(SM)200 mg/L+吡效隆(氯吡脲、CPPU)2 mg/L浸花穗,第2次在第1次处理后12 d用赤霉素(GA3)25 mg/L+吡效隆(氯吡脲、CPPU)2 mg/L浸果穗,可获得商品性好、无核率达90%的优质无核果。【结论】桂南‘巨峰’夏果进行无核化较优的处理方案,可在气候相近地区‘巨峰’葡萄生产中参考应用。【Objective】The objective of this study was to optimize and select the method of making berries seedless for ‘Kyoho＇summer grape of two-crop-a-year cultivation in Guangxi.【Method】water was used as the control,12 treatments of plant growth regulators of different combinations and concentrations were used to do the trials of seedlessness ‘Kyoho＇summer grape. These plant growth regulators included gibberellin（ GA3）,streptomycin（ SM） and forchlorfenuron（ CPPU）.【Result】The results showed that 12 treatments improved seedless rate,cluster weight and tasting quality significantly. Seedless effects of combinations of GA3,SM and CPPU were better than that of using GA3 individually. From the comprehensive characters of the fruits after seedless treatment,treatment 10 showed the best effect,which could produce uniform berries,the biggest clusters with the best grape quality,lower pedicel hardening degree,and the seedless rate was 90 %.According to comprehensive evaluation after making berries seedless,in southern of Guangxi,optimal treatment was that application of GA38 mg/L ＋ SM 200 mg/L ＋ CPPU 2 mg/L after flower abscission,and 12 days later application of GA325 mg/L ＋ CPPU 2 mg/L. This treatment could result in uniform berries of clusters,better quality of fruit and low degree of pedicel hardening. By using this treatment,the seedless rate could reach 90 %. 【Conclusion】The optimal treatment scheme of non-nucleation of‘Kyoho＇summer grape in Guinan could provide references for the production in similar climate area.

关 键 词：巨峰葡萄 植物生长调节剂 无核化处理 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]