点线目标自然语言空间关系描述模拟表达方法研究  

Simulated Expression Method of Spatial Relationship of Natural Language of Point, Line and Object

作　　者：唐天琪[1,2,3,4] 曹青 张翎 龙毅[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [2]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210023 [3]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [4]江苏省测绘研究所,南京210013

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2018年第2期139-146,共8页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571382;61472191);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(15KJA420001)~~

摘　　要：自然语言描述中蕴含丰富的地理空间信息,空间关系是自然语言描述中最重要的一部分,对理解整个描述语句起到决定性作用。但自然语言描述的不确定性、模糊性、灵活性等特征给计算机理解和处理自然语言增添了困难,因此建立定性的自然语言空间关系描述与定量的图形空间关系之间的映射关系是本文研究的重点。根据空间粒度的不同将自然语言空间关系描述分为完全模糊描述、区间模糊描述和定量模糊描述3类,提出缓冲区法和随机参数法2种可视化表达方法,并搭建原型系统进行实验。实验表明,该方法有效可行,有利于深化模糊语义的自然语言描述图形化研究。Descriptions of natural language contain abundant geographical spatial information including geographical objects, spatial relations, attribute information and so on. Among them, the understanding of spatial relations tend to play a decisive role in understanding the whole description statement. However, the uncertainty, ambiguity, flexibility and other features of descriptions of natural language make it difficult for computer to understand and process natural language. Taking the natural language as a breakthrough point, we explore description of spatial relationship in natural language and visualization under fuzzy semantics, and realizes the goal of ＂text-to-figure＂ transformation. We focus on establishing the mapping relationship between the qualitative description language and quantitative graphic language. According to different levels of ＂vagueness＂, descriptions can be divided into three categories, namely completely fuzzy description, interval fuzzy description and quantitative fuzzy description, so as to study the natural language description based on different categories and levels. Furthermore, we put forward two methods of visualization expression： random parameter method and buffer method, which realize the visualization of spatial relations descriptions of natural language. In the example of Xianlin campus of Nanjing Normal University, the system adopts a three-tiered architecture containing user layer, service layer and data layer. We also design and develop the analogous expression system of spatial relations of natural language, which realizes the ＂text-to-figure＂ conversion between fuzzy natural language description and point-line features, and verifies the validity of the method proposed in this paper. Most importantly, this system contributes a lot to recognition, reasoning, calculation, formal expression and visualization expression of geographical spatial information.

关 键 词：自然语言 空间关系 模拟表达 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]