从工业硅硅渣中分离金属硅的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Separation of Silicon from Industrial Silicon Slag

作　　者：钱双凤 陈敏 

机构地区：[1]昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《有色金属设计》2017年第3期18-22,共5页Nonferrous Metals Design

摘　　要：阐述从工业硅硅渣中分离得到金属硅的处理方法,首先对原料工业硅硅渣进行物理化学性质分析,通过XRF、ICP-AES对硅渣中硅与渣的化学成分进行分析,通过XRD与SEM-EDS对硅渣中硅与渣的物相与形貌进行分析,并且对硅渣进行热重差热(TG-DSC)分析。在高温井式电阻炉和中频感应炉中通过控制温度、保温与搅拌时间,分别进行从工业硅硅渣中分离硅的实验。在高温井式电阻炉中借助硅渣中硅与渣化学成分、熔体密度、流动性及粘度差异,进行炉底通氩气不搅拌与炉顶通氩气搅拌两种不同的分离方法;在中频感应炉中则借助硅与渣熔体流动性与电导率差异,进行电磁搅拌分离,最终得到温度与保温搅拌时间对硅渣中分离硅效果均有影响的结论。电阻炉中温度越高,保温搅拌时间较长,分离效果越好;中频感应炉中,在1 500℃保温,电磁搅拌0.5 h,分离更高效。The separation methods of metallic silicon from the silicon slag were studied. At first, the physical and chemical properties of slag were analyzed in multiple ways. The chemical composition of slag was analyzed by XRF and ICP - AES. The phase and morphology of slag were studied by XRD and SEM - EDS. The thermo- gravimetry -differential thermal analysis was carried out by TG -DSC. Secondly, the silicon was separated from the slag in high - temperature resistance furnace and medium - frequency induction furnace by controlling the temperature, the holding time and the agitating time. And then, in high - temperature resistance furnace, the separation method of blowing argon on furnace bottom without agitation and that of blowing argon on furnace top with agitation were carried out according to the difference in chemical compositions, density of melt, liquidity and viscosity. Meanwhile, in medium -frequency induction furnace, the separation of slag and silicon by elec- tromagnetic mixing was carried according to the difference in liquidity and electrical conductivity. Finally, the results show that temperature, holding time and stirring have impacts on separation effect. The separation can be advanced by increasing heating temperature and holding time in resistance furnace while more efficient separation can be achieved at the holding temperature of 1500℃ and 0. 5h of electromagnetic mixing in medium frequency furnace.

关 键 词：硅分离 金属硅 工业硅 硅渣 

分 类 号：TN304.12[电子电信—物理电子学]