磁测法检测残余应力的特点与适应性  

Characteristics and adaptability of magnetic detection method for residual stress detection

作　　者：郝晨 丁红胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学物理系,北京100083

出　　处：《物理测试》2017年第6期25-29,共5页Physics Examination and Testing

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-RD-16-003A)

摘　　要：对机械设备或金属构件残余应力的检测是评估其寿命和防止事故发生的重要手段,一直以来在学术研究和工程应用中备受关注。残余应力的检测和评估有多种手段,包括X射线衍射、中子衍射、超声波、磁测法等无损方法以及切割、钻孔等有损方法。主要概述了磁测法,包括金属磁记忆检测法、巴克豪森噪声法、逆磁致伸缩效应各向异性法检测残余应力的相关机理及其主要特点和适应性,以及今后磁测法检测残余应力的发展趋势。In academic research and engineering applications,the detection of the residual stresses on mechanical equipment or metal components is of great concern,which is an important means of assessing the service life and preventing accidents. There are many kinds of residual stress detection methods,including X-ray diffraction,neutron diffraction,ultrasonic testing,magnetic detection method and other non-destructive methods,destructive methods such as materials cutting and drilling,etc. The mechanism of the methods based on the magnetic detection,which included the metal magnetic memory,Barkhausen noise effect and the inverse magnetic effect anisotropy method,were summarized. At the same time,the main characteristic,the adaptability and the development trends in the future of the magnetic detection methods were discussed.

关 键 词：无损检测 残余应力 磁测法 

分 类 号：TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]