广西环境功能综合评价及其空间分异研究  

A Study on the Comprehensive Assessment of Environmental Function and its Spatial Differentiation in Guangxi

作　　者：步秀芹 罗若婷 赵海君[2] 马蔚纯[2] 曾广庆 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院,南宁530022 [2]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2018年第1期68-78,共11页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：广西环境保护"十二五"规划编制中期评估专题研究

摘　　要：环境功能综合评价是环境功能区划的重要依据和基础,它分别从保障自然生态安全、维护人群健康及环境支撑力3个维度考察区域环境功能的综合状况,定量研究区域发展现状.本文以广西为例,基于《环境功能区划编制技术指南(试行)》中提供的方法,并依据广西实际对方法进行了局部改进,在此基础上,对广西环境功能开展综合评价,并进一步研究了其环境功能的空间分异.结果表明:广西高自然生态保障区和较高自然生态保障区占整个自治区国土面积的60%以上,广西生物多样性维护重要性、土壤侵蚀敏感性和石漠化敏感性均较高.可见,从总体上说,保障自然生态安全是广西的主导环境功能.而广西高开发建设区和较高开发建设区的面积仅占全自治区国土面积的近15%.广西环境功能在空间分布上存在显著差异,高自然生态保障区主要分布于广西西部、西北部和北部地区,而高开发建设区主要分布在中南部、南部及东南部的市辖区.总体而言,从环境功能上讲,西北部更偏向于保障自然生态安全,而中南部更偏向于维护人群健康.最后,本文还对《环境功能区划编制技术指南(试行)》提出的环境功能综合评价方法中的若干问题进行了讨论.Comprehensive assessment of environmental function is the important reference and basis for environmental function zoning,which can examine the overall situation of environmental functions from three dimensions of protecting natural ecological security,maintaining the population health and environmental support force,and quantitatively study the regional development.This paper takes Guangxi as an example to do comprehensive assessment and study the spatial differentiation of Guangxi＇s environmental function,based on the methods in the Technical Guideline for Environmental Functional Zoning（trial version）（short for the＂Technical Guide＂）and actual situation of Guangxi.The results show：highest and higher natural ecological security area accounts for more than 60% of the total Guangxi＇s land area;the importance of biodiversity conservation,soil erosion sensitivity and rocky desertification sensitivity are higher in Guangxi.In general,the protection of natural ecological security is the leading environmental function.Meanwhile,the highest and higher development and construction area covers only 15% of the total land area.There are significant differences in the spatial distribution of environmental function in Guangxi.The highest natural ecological security areas are mainly distributed in the western,northwest and northern regions of Guangxi,and the highest development and construction areas are mainly distributed in central,southern and southeastern of city areas.In summary,from environmental function,the northwest is more biased towards the protection of natural ecological security,while south central tend to maintain the population health.Finally,this paper discussed some questions in the comprehensive assessment methods of environmental function in Technical Guide.

关 键 词：环境功能 指标体系 综合评价 空间分异 广西 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]