客运专线变坡点对普速客车运行安全性的影响  

Inf luence of Slope Change Point of Passenger Dedicated Railway on Safety of Normal Speed Passenger Train

作　　者：侯茂锐 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院高速轮轨关系实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2018年第2期108-111,共4页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(2017J003-B);中国铁道科学研究院基金(2016YJ140)

摘　　要：应用多体动力学软件UM建立了20辆编组的25T型普速客车三维耦合列车系统动力学仿真模型,考虑了车钩缓冲装置及车端摩擦阻尼,通过线路试验数据对仿真模型进行验证。应用铁科院自主研制的列车纵向动力学仿真软件建立25T型普速客车的纵向动力学仿真模型。通过列车纵向动力学仿真模型和三维耦合列车系统动力学仿真模型的联合求解计算,分析列车通过客运专线相邻坡段坡度差较大的变坡点时车钩力、车辆动力学响应的变化。研究结果表明:凸形变坡的纵向拉钩力大,凹形变坡的纵向压钩力大。对于凹形变坡线路,下坡制动产生较大的纵向压钩力对车辆动力学响应影响较大。对于坡度差30‰的凹形变坡线路,列车以160 km/h通过变坡点时的动力学性能指标明显增大,乘坐舒适性较差;当运行速度减小到120 km/h时,车辆的脱轨系数、轮重减载率、车体横向振动加速度和垂向振动加速度均减小约25%。A simulation model of 3D coupling train system composed of 20 25 T-type normal speed passenger vehicles was established using multi-body dynamics software UM. The coupler mechanism and the vehicle-side frictional damping were taken into consideration in this model. The simulation model was verified by field test data.A longitudinal dynamic simulation model of train was established using longitudinal dynamics simulation software( LDSS) developed by China Academy of Railway Sciences. The coupler force and train dynamic response were analyzed using the longitudinal dynamics model and the 3D coupling model. Results show that the tractive coupler force on convex slope was large,and the pressing coupler force on concave slope was large. For concave slope,the pressing coupler force had great influence on the response of vehicle dynamics if the train was downhill. The dynamic performance of the train at 160 km/h was significantly increased,and the ride comfort was worse on the concave slope with slope difference 30‰. When the speed is reduced to 120 km/h,the derailment coefficient, load reduction rate, lateral and vertical vibration of vehicle should reduce by about 25%.

关 键 词：客运专线 变坡点 三维耦合动力学模型 仿真计算 脱轨系数 轮重减载率 车体振动加速度 

分 类 号：U212.34[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U260.34[机械工程—车辆工程]