华阳湖群鱼类功能群及其对围网养殖的响应  

Functional groups of fish community in the Huayang lake group and their response to enclosure culture

作　　者：夏治俊 蒋忠冠 谢涵 郭婉昀 王朝 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第2期438-445,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31600438);安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2016A789)资助

摘　　要：本研究基于华阳湖群围网养殖区和非养殖区鱼类资源的周年调查(2016年1月、4月、8月、11月),从功能生态学的视角,选取与鱼类食性、体型、生态习性及生活史特征相关的功能性状通过聚类分析的方法划分和定义功能群,通过比较功能群的物种组成和多样性状况,揭示鱼类功能群对围网养殖的响应。结果表明:华阳湖群65种鱼类隶属于6目12科41属,且可以划分为17种相互独立且有清晰生物学解释的功能群;围网养殖区G1、G3-G5、G11-G13和G15功能群鱼类的密度显著低于非养殖区(P<0.05),而G9-G10功能群鱼类的密度则显著高于非养殖区(P<0.05);与非养殖区相比,围网养殖区鱼类功能群的丰富度指数和Margalef多样性指数显著更低(P<0.05),而Pielou均匀度指数显著更高(P<0.05)。围网养殖在一定程度上造成了鱼类功能群的物种组成和多样性的改变。The impacts of enclosure aquaculture on fish fauna were examined by investigating the fish communities in enclosure （EA） and non-enclosure （NEA） aquaculture areas in the Huayang lake group across different seasons in 2016. Functional traits related to diet, morphology, ecological habits, and life history were selected to classify and define functional groups by cluster analysis. The impacts of enclosure aquaculture on fish communities were examined by comparing the changes of species composition and biodiversity of functional groups. The results showed that a species pool of 65 species belonging to 41 genera, 12 families and 6 orders could be classified into 17 independent and distinct functional groups. The density of functional groups G1, G3, G4, GS, G11, G12, G13 and G15 were significantly lower （P〈0.05） , while the groups G9 and G10 were significantly higher （P〈0.05） in EA than in NEA. Moreover, the functional group richness and Margalef＇ s index in EA were significantly lower （P〈0.05） , whereas the Pielou＇ s evenness index was significantly higher （P〈0.05） in EA than in NEA. Our results indicated that enclosure aquaculture could significantly alter the community composition and biodiversity of fish functional groups

关 键 词：围网养殖 功能群 功能群多样性 鱼类 华阳湖群 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]