香蒲水浸提液对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用  

Allelopathy of aqueous extract of cattail on Microcystis aeruginosa

作　　者：董颖娜 冯彬[2] 王冰璇 郭明[1,3] 范晓月 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学农学院,浙江临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院,浙江临安311300 [3]浙江农林大学理学院,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第2期498-505,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20877072);浙江省-中国林科院省院合作科技项目(2015SY11)资助

摘　　要：通过液液萃取、薄层层析分离出香蒲叶浸提液中化感活性最高的组分,利用气质联用(GC-MS)技术对其化感物质进行分离与结构鉴定来探究香蒲(Typha orientalis)不同组织部位浸提液对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)的化感作用及其作用机理。结果表明:香蒲不同部位对铜绿微囊藻的抑制作用强弱不同,抑制活性为叶浸提液>根浸提液>蒲黄浸提液,其中叶浸提液最高抑制率72.35%;香蒲叶浸提液对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用表现出低浓度(≤5 g·L-1)促进、高浓度(≥10 g·L-1)抑制现象(低促高抑效应),铜绿微囊藻细胞内叶绿素a含量下降,细胞膜透性增大,SOD活性和MDA含量均呈现先增加后下降的趋势;GC-MS结构表征结果表现为香蒲叶中主要化感物质为酚酸、脂肪酸、酯、酮和酰胺类等物质。该结果为香蒲应用于爆发水华的水生态系统治理提供了一定的理论指导意义。The components with high allelopathic activity were separated from Typha orientalis aqueous extract by liquid-liquid partition and thin-layer chromatography. The components with high allelopathic activity were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry （GC/MS） to examine the allelopathic effects of aqueous extract from different tissues of T. orientalis on Microcystis aeruginosa. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of different T. orientalis tissues were different, with the inhibitory effect of leaf extract 〉 root extract 〉 pollen extract. The inhibition rate of leaf extract on M. aeruginosa was up to 72.35%. The allelopathic effects of T. orientalis leaf aqueous extract on M. aeruginosa exhibited a phenomenon of inhibition at high concentration （ ≥ 10 g · L-1 ） while showed a trend of stimulation at low （ ≤ 5 g · L-1 ）. The allelopathic effects decreased the content of chlorophyll a, increased permeability of cell membrane while initially increased then decreased SOD activity and MDA content. Results of GC- MS showed that the main allelochemicals from T. orientalis were phenolic acid, fatty acid, ester, ketone, amide, and so on. The results provide a theoretical guidance for the management of aquatic ecosystems with algal blooms.

关 键 词：香蒲 抑藻 化感作用 铜绿微囊藻 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]