溶胶凝胶法制备SiO_2气凝胶/石英纤维增强石英复合材料及其性能表征  

Characterization of SiO_2 Aerogel/SiO_2 Fiber Composites Prepared by Sol-gel Method

作　　者：张训虎[1] 翟萍[1] 栾强[1] 张庆利 孙成功[1] 李红斌 ZHANG Xun-hu;ZHAI Ping;LUAN Qiang;ZHANG Qing-li;SUN Cheng-gong;LI Hong-bin(Shandong Industrial Ceramics Research and D e s ign Institute Co., L t d .,Z i B o 2 5 5 0 3 1, C h i n a;Military R e presentative Office of PLA A i r F o r c e in Shandong Region,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司,淄博255031 [2]空军驻山东地区军事代表室,济南250101

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2018年第1期221-224,共4页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

摘　　要：以正硅酸乙酯、无水乙醇、去离子水为原料制备胶液后,真空浸渍石英纤维复合材料,经固化、超临界干燥成型、表面改性等工艺使其内部填充纳米级的SiO_2。利用阿基米德法测试了材料的吸水率和显气孔率,利用BET法和短路波导法对气凝胶的比表面积和孔径以及材料的介电性能进行了表征,并分析了憎水机理。结果表明,填充前后复合材料的吸湿率由最初的17.36%降至1.21%,降幅高达93%,辅以防潮涂层后吸湿率更可低至为0.052%;介电常数基本没有变化,损耗角正切有所降低,降幅最高达51.2%。SiO2 fiber reinforced SiO2 ceramic composites filled with nano-sized SiO2 were prepared by solgel method with vacuum impregnation,supercritical drying and surface modification.The silica sol for vacuum impregnated were prepared with tetraethyl orthosilicate（TEOS）,anhydrous ethanol,water and acid catalyst as the starting materials.The water adsorption rate,apparent porosity and electrical properties of composites were investigated by means of archimedes method and waveguide method while the surface area and pore size of the aerogel samples were tested by BET,the mechanism of hydrophobicity was also discussed.The results show that the moisture absorption rate of products decreases to 1.21% from 17.36% that without filled with nano-sized SiO2,with a decreasing range of93%.Additional coating could make the rate even as low as 0.052%.The dielectric constant has no significant change while the loss tangent decreased,with a decreasing range of 51.2%.

关 键 词：气凝胶 石英纤维复合材料 吸湿率 介电性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]