极低出生体质量儿经口喂养进程的现况调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation and analysis of influencing factors of oral feeding progression in very-low-birth- weight infants

作　　者：吕天婵 张玉侠 胡晓静 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院护理部,上海201102

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2018年第5期354-359,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨极低出生体质量儿经口喂养进程的现状及其影响因素。方法采用极低出生体质量儿临床资料调查表、经口喂养调查表对114例出生胎龄≤30周、出生体质量≤1500g的住院患儿进行调查。结果极低出生体质量儿开始肠内营养的时间为人院后（20．61±4．67）h，经过（39．95±20．74）d达到完全肠内营养，纠正胎龄为（34．35±2．76）周。开始经口喂养是在出生后（41．47±15．53）d，纠正胎龄为（34．58±1．98）周，完全经口喂养是在出生后（55．19±16．30）,3，纠正胎龄为（36．404-1．99）周。单因素和多元回归分析显示出生体质量、出生胎龄、是否有支气管肺发育不良是影响极低出生体质量儿喂养进程的显著影响因素。结论出生胎龄越小、出生体质量越低的患儿达到各个喂养关键点所需要的天数就越多，患儿存在支气管肺发育不良明显延长了喂养进程的时间。医务人员应该认识到极低出生体质量儿在经口喂养方面的困难，采取积极有效的措施促进经口喂养进程的推进。Objective To investigate oral feeding progression and its influencing factors in verylow-birth-weight infants. Methods Investigation was conducted among 114 infants with the Gestational age≤30 weeks, birth weight≤1 500 g using very＇low birth weight infants clinical information questionnaire and oral feeding survey. Results The very low birth weight infants started enteral nutrition （20.61±4.67） h after admission, achieved a total enteral nutrition （41.47 ± 15.53） days after birth with the correct gestational age was （34.35±2.76） weeks. The infants started oral feeding （41.47± 15.53） days after birth with the correct gestational age （34.58± 1.98） weeks. The infants achieved full oral feeding （55.19± 16.30） days after birth with the correct gestational age. （36.40 ± 1.99） weeks. Single factor and multiple regression analysis showed that birth weight, gestational age, BPD were significant factors of oral feeding progression. Conclusions The smaller gestational age, birth weight, the longer duration the infants reach the oral feeding milestones, Infants with BPD have obvious oral feeding progression. The medical staffs should learn that the very low birth weight have oral feeding difficulties and thus take positive and effective measures to promote the advancement of oral feeding.

关 键 词：极低出生体质量儿 经口喂养 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]