种植密度对马铃薯加工品质的影响  

Effect of Planting Density on Potato Processing Quality

作　　者：康鹏玲 杨素[1] 马娟娟 夏冰冰 牛黎莉[1] 汪月[1] 张盛贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《食品与发酵科技》2018年第1期83-89,共7页Food and Fermentation Science & Technology

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303104);甘肃省高等学校基本科研业务费专项(GNSW-2013-22);甘肃省生物技术专项(GNSW-2015-14);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303104)

摘　　要：研究不同种植密度对马铃薯加工品质的影响。以甘肃产区主栽品种"陇薯7号"为试材,通过测定4种种植密度下马铃薯块茎中干物质、淀粉、还原糖、蛋白质等主要成分及褐变度、透明度、溶解度、膨胀度、质构特性等加工主要指标,比较不同种植密度对加工品质的影响。研究发现,不同种植密度可以影响马铃薯加工品质,3500株/亩种植时,马铃薯块茎的干物质、淀粉、蛋白质含量及硬度显著高于其他种植密度,马铃薯淀粉的溶解度、透明度及直链淀粉含量也显著优于其他种植密度;4500株/亩种植时块茎蛋白质含量最高,淀粉的膨胀度最好。马铃薯块茎切面暴露于空气中,其褐变强度随时间而变化,褐变强度与切面接触空气的时间具有相关性。种植密度对马铃薯淀粉的颗粒大小有影响,但对形貌和结晶度没有影响。The effects of different planting densities on potato processing quality were studied. Taking the main va- riety ＂Longshu 7＂ in Gansu as test material, the main components of potato tuber such as dry matter, starch, re- ducing sugar, protein and so on were measured under four kinds of planting densities, the degree of browning, transparency, solubility, Texture characteristics such as processing the main indicators to compare the different planting density on the processing quality. The results showed that different planting densities could affect potato processing quality. The dry matter, starch, protein content and hardness of potato tubers were significantly higher than those of other planting densities when planting at 3500 plants/mu, The potato starch solubility, transparency and amylose content significantly better than other planting density; 4500/acre when planting the highest protein content of tubers, starch, the best degree of expansion. Potato tuber section exposed to the air, the browning in- tensity changes with time, browning intensity and cut-off time of exposure to air has relevance. Planting density has an effect on the particle size of potato starch, but has no effect on morphology and crystallinity.

关 键 词：马铃薯 陇薯7号 种植密度 加工品质 质构 

分 类 号：TS215[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]