从白音长汗等遗址看西辽河地区史前家族组织的演进  

On Kinship-groups Evolution in West Liaohe Area of Prehistoric from the Archaeological Remains of Baiyinchanghan Site

作　　者：刘俊男[1] 邱方利[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学历史与社会学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第1期48-57,共10页Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金"中国南北两大生业区早期文明进程比较研究"(编号13XZS030)

摘　　要：白音长汗遗址向我们呈现出一个布局规划保存完好的大型村落遗址。根据白音长汗遗址并结合其他遗址,我们大致可将西辽河地区新石器时代的家族组织分为四个不同的阶段:距今约8200~7200年为共仓共灶的伙婚制家族阶段;距今约7200~5300年处于共仓分灶的偶婚制家族阶段;距今约5300~5000年为过渡时期的家长制家庭公社阶段;距今约5000~4000年的后红山文化时期,此地区已进入分仓分灶的专偶制家族时期;到小河沿文化时期由于气候等原因,该地区已由农耕经济过渡到游牧经济。恩格斯等的家族组织演进理论符合西辽河地区考古实际。Baiyinchanghan site presents us a large-scale village site which is fully exposed and whose layout is well preserved. Combined with other sites, we can basically divide the kinship-groups of the West Liaohe Riv- er area of Neolithic into four different stages： about 8200 - 7200 years ago as the Punaluan Family stage share the same kitchen and storehouse; about 7200 - 5300 years ago for the Syndyasmian Family stage share the same storehouse while with separated kitchens; about 5300 -5000 years ago as the transitional Patriarchal fam- ily stage; about 5000 - 4000 years ago, during Houhongshan culture period, as the Monogamian Family with different storehouses and kitchens has prevailed in this area. During the Xiaoheyan cultural period, this area changed its economic form from agricultural economy to nomadic economy due to climate and other reasons The social organization evolution theory of Engels and other scholars conforms to the actual situation of the West Liaohe area.

关 键 词：白音长汗遗址 牛河梁遗址 新石器时代 家族组织 

分 类 号：K872[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]