清水江鲤基于微卫星标记和形态指标的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of Qingshui River common carp(Cyprinus carpio)based on microsatellite markers and morphologic traits

作　　者：董在杰[1,2] 刘念[2] 朱文彬[1] 傅建军[1] 王兰梅[1] 李建光 杨兴 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心农业部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]贵州省水产研究所,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2018年第1期1-8,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-45-05);黔农科院自主创新科研专项(2014-005);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD26B02);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2015JBFR01)

摘　　要：为探究清水江鲤(Cyprinus carpio)种质资源现状,基于分子标记和形态指标对其进行分析。研究发现清水江鲤群体呈现较高遗传多态性水平,12个微卫星位点的等位基因数(N_a)、有效等位基因数(N_e)、表观杂合度(H_o)、期望杂合度(H_e)和多态性信息含量(PIC)均值分别为10、8.37、0.54、0.86和0.84。遗传结构分析结果推测实验个体来源于3个理论种群,并将来源概率>70%的个体分成3个区组,进行遗传变异分析。基于微卫星标记的遗传分析,发现区组间达到中等水平的遗传分化(F_(ST)>0.05,P<0.01);区组间Nei’s遗传距离为0.473~0.546,区组间个体遗传结构相对独立。基于形态学指标,研究发现个体间存在较大形态差异,体质量的变异系数最大(38.0%);区组间在背鳍硬棘数、侧线鳞数、侧线上鳞数和尾柄长/体长等性状间存在显著差异(P<0.05);此外,基于形态学数据的欧式距离与Nei’s遗传距离的聚类结果相符。结果表明,清水江鲤群体表现出较高的遗传多样性水平,且群体内存在显著遗传分化。We analyzed the molecular markers and morphologic traits to investigate the gerrnplasm resources of Qingshui River common carp （Cyprinus carpio） stock. The genetic variation within populations was relatively high based on 12 microsatellite loci; the average number of alleles per locus, effective number of alleles per locus, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content （PIC） were 10, 8.37, 0.54, 0.86 and 0.84, respectively. Three ancestry populations were inferred via genetic structure simulation in Qingshui River C.carpio population. A total of 105 individuals （inferred ancestry frequency 〉70%） were divided into three subsets according to inferred cluster, which was used for further analysis. The genetic differentiation among the subsets were at moderate level （FsT〉0.05, P〈0.01）. The Nei＇s genetic distances among the subsets ranged from 0.473 to 0.546, and the distinct genetic structure of individuals from different subsets was detected by genetic analysis using microsatellite markers. The obvious difference of morphology was discovered among individuals, and the maximum variation coefficient was de- tected in body mass （38%）. Significant difference existed between some pairwise subsets on morphologic traits （P〈0.05）, including number of hard spines of doral fin, number of scales of lateral line, number of scales above lateral line, and ratio of caudal length/body length. Forthermore, the Euclidean distance cluster results confirmed to the dendrogram based on Nei＇s genetic distances. In brief, the stocks of Qinshui River C. carpio have high genetic diversity with significant genetic differentiation within the stock.

关 键 词：清水江鲤 微卫星标记 形态指标 遗传变异 表型变异 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]