重庆市某贫困县农村学龄前留守儿童营养状况及影响因素分析  

Nutrition Status and Influencing Factors of Rural Left-Behind Preschool Children in Poor Areas of Chongqing

作　　者：王巧灵[1] 张春燕[2] 唐裕[1] 谭丽 阎博华[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学附属医院GCP中心,成都610072 [2]重庆市石柱土家族自治县人民医院儿保科,重庆石柱409199

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2018年第2期131-135,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：重庆市卫生局医学科研计划项目(2012-2-335)

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市某县农村学龄前留守儿童的营养状况及其影响因素。方法按分层整群随机抽样的原则,抽取该县402名0~6岁学龄前留守儿童,进行问卷调查、体格检查及血红蛋白检测。结果该县农村学龄前留守儿童年龄别身高(HAZ)、年龄别体重(WAZ)、身高别体重(WHZ)分别为-1.75±1.64、1.07±1.53和-0.35±1.00;生长发育迟缓率为20.15%、低体重或消瘦率为6.22%、超重或肥胖率9.95%、贫血率为23.88%。多因素分析显示:生长发育迟缓的影响因素是父亲文化程度、父亲打工时间、三餐能否保证、贫血及与看护人的关系;超重或肥胖的影响因素是生活情况、出生后6个月内喂养方式、三餐能否保证;低体重或消瘦的影响因素为母亲打工时间。结论该县农村学龄前留守儿童生长发育迟缓问题相对突出,减少父母外出打工时间、儿童不良饮食行为可改善营养状况。Objective To investigate the nutrition status and related factors among the rural left-behind preschool children in poor areas of Chongqing. Methods Based on the stratified cluster sampling method,402 children aged 0-6 years old were selected for questionnaire survey, physical measurement and hemoglobin determination. Results The HAZ（ height/age）,WHZ（ weight/height） and WAZ（ weight/age） of the preschool children were-1. 75±1. 64,1. 07 ± 1. 53 and-0. 35 ± 1. 00,respectively. The incidence rates were 20. 15% for growth retardation,6. 22% for underweight or wasting,9. 95% for over weight or obesity and 23. 88% for anemia among the rural left-behind children. The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses suggested that the major influencing factors of growth retardation were father＇s education level,father＇s working time,guarantee meals,anemia and relationships with caregivers; the major influencing factors of over-weight or obesity were living condition,early feeding pattern,guarantee meals; the major influencing factor of underweight or wasting was mother＇s working time. Conclusion Growth retardation is the major problem in this area. Working out of home for long time and unhealthy dietary behaviors of the children affect the growth of the children.

关 键 词：农村 学龄前留守儿童 营养状况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]